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. 2022 Jul 28;28(28):3682–3694. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v28.i28.3682

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©The Author(s) 2022. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.

This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial.

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Flow chart of patient enrollment on gastric mucosal precancerous lesions in children and adolescents in central China. There were 4258 patients with upper gastrointestinal symptoms under 18 year of age, 2406 patients were excluded for no gastroscopy examination, and the remaining 1852 children had underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. Among these patients, 809 were excluded due to either surgery, medication, bleeding or idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease, and 28 patients were excluded due to no rapid urease test or histopathology test; the final enrolled patient number was 1015. In 854 Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori)-positive patients, 17 patients had atrophy, 11 patients had intestinal metaplasia and 9 patients had dysplasia, and only 1 of the 161 H. pylori-uninfected patients had atrophic gastritis. H. pylori: Helicobacter pylori.