Table 3.

Lower extremity muscle mass and strength parameters at baseline and 12 months by treatment arm

	Low VitD			Moderate VitD
Parameter	Baseline	12 months	P-value	Baseline	12 months	P-value
LE lean mass, kg	15.4 ±2.4	14.8 ±2.8	0.355	15.1 ±2.9	14.5 ±2.4	0.322
Isometric
Peak torque/BW, extension, %	127.06 ±43.0	130.6 ±38.1	0.585	129.3 ±42.1	138.1 ±38.0	0.548
Peak torque/BW, flexion, %	59.8 ±20.3	66.0 ±19.0	0.225	63.2 ±21.2	69.7 ±22.6	0.377
Isokinetic 5 repetitions
Peak torque/BW, extension, %	106.9 ±32.9	117.9 ±37.0	0.193	111.1 ±37.5	122.1 ±37.8	0.258
Peak torque/BW, flexion, %	49.0 ±14.1	56.9 ±16.5	0.046	49.8 ±22.0	62.7 ±21.6	0.021
Total work/BW, extension, %	342.2 ±112.8	368.1 ±141.7	0.554	346.8 ±104.1	370.0 ±96.0	0.447
Total work/BW, flexion, %	157.3 ±65.0	200.4 ±82.6	0.023	151.4 ±82.3	205.4 ±75.3	0.010
Average power, extension, J	45.6 ±13.5	52.9 ±20.6	0.228	45.6 ±14.3	53.3 ±15.0	0.041
Average power, flexion, J	20.0 ±8.4	27.8 ±11.9	0.007	19.1 ±11.4	27.9 ±10.8	0.002
Isokinetic 25 repetitions
Peak torque/BW, extension, %	60.1 ±18.2	64.2 + 20.3	0.341	58.0 ± 15.7	62.5 ±15.5	0.244
Peak torque/BW, flexion, %	35.3 ±10.4	40.1 + 10.1	0.063	35.3 ± 11.3	39.3 ±11.2	0.150
Total work/BW, extension, %	1,149.7 ±365.0	1,195.0 ±399.7	0.608	1,118.0 ±350.7	1,185.4 ±272.4	0.403
Total work/BW, flexion, %	429.3 ±271.2	575.2 ±298.5	0.048	431.6 ±308.2	561.4 ±257.7	0.072
Average power, extension, J	78.9 ±27.3	83.9 ±30.8	0.560	75.7 ±25.0	84.4 ±20.6	0.189
Average power, flexion, J	27.7 ±18.1	38.1 ± 21.0	0.057	27.8 ±20.5	37.4 ±17.8	0.043

Data are mean ±SD unless stated otherwise.

BW, body weight; LE, lower extremity; VitD, vitamin D.