Official websites use .gov
A
.gov website belongs to an official
government organization in the United States.
Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock (
) or https:// means you've safely
connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive
information only on official, secure websites.
Illustration of production routes for carbon dots (CDs). In top-down methods (top row) a bulk precursor material is fragmented into nm sized carbon dots. Bottom-up synthesis (bottom row) CDs are grown from the assembly of small molecules. Both synthesis routes have advantages and disadvantages, and the produced CDs differ in their photophysical and morphological properties.
