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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Jun 1.
Published in final edited form as: Health Aff (Millwood). 2022 Jun;41(6):805–813. doi: 10.1377/hlthaff.2021.01968

Exhibit 2. Variation across practices in fraction of nurse practitioner (NP) and physician assistant (PA) visits billed indirectly, Medicare fee-for-service beneficiaries, 2018.

Exhibit 2

Source/Notes: SOURCE Authors’ analysis of data from 20 percent random sample of Medicare fee-for-service beneficiaries with Part D coverage for 2010–18. NOTES Practice is defined by the taxpayer identification number. The denominator is the total number of visits provided by NPs and PAs in each practice. The numerator is the total number of visits billed indirectly by NPs and PAs in each practice.