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. 2022 Mar 21;77(8):1644–1653. doi: 10.1093/gerona/glac071

Table 3.

Participants Were Divided into Three Groups, i.e., Lowest, Middle and Highest Tertile, Based on Their STS Performance in the Free-Living Environment (Column 1: Number, Mean, or Maximal Angular Velocity of STS Transitions)

Women Men Women Men Women Men
Tertiles based on number of STS*
Number of STS (no/d) 5×STS test time (s) Knee extension force (N/kg)
Lowest (T1) 24.5 (6.4) 30.8 (8.0) 12.9 (3.8) 12.6 (3.5) 4.0 (1.2) 5.2 (1.6)
Middle (T2) 39.2 (3.9) 45.9 (3.7) 12.8 (3.8) 13.3 (5.1) 4.3 (1.3) 5.5 (1.5)
Highest (T3) 59.1 (11.0) 67.1 (12.5) 12.3 (3.2) 11.2 (3.2) 4.3 (1.2) 5.8 (1.2)
p Value # <.001,,§ <.001,,§ .631 .013 .107 .013§
Tertiles based on mean angular velocity,
Mean angular velocity (deg/s) 5×STS test time (s) Knee extension force (N/kg)
Lowest (T1) 47.2 (3.1) 49.3 (3.8) 13.1 (3.7) 13.1 (4.1) 3.8 (1.1) 5.0 (1.2)
Middle (T2) 55.9 (2.1) 59.5 (1.9) 13.0 (3.8) 11.8 (3.7) 4.3 (1.3) 5.9 (1.8)
Highest (T3) 65.7 (5.6) 69.6 (5.5) 11.9 (3.2) 12.2 (4.5) 4.5 (1.3) 5.6 (1.2)
p Value # <.001,,§ <.001,,§ .026§ .078 <.001,§ .004
Tertiles based on max angular velocity
Max angular velocity (deg/s) 5×STS test time (s) Knee extension force (N/kg)
Lowest (T1) 85.1 (8.7) 91.7 (9.1) 13.7 (3.8) 13.6 (4.3) 3.7 (1.1) 4.9(1.3)
Middle (T2) 104.2 (3.8) 112.8 (5.0) 12.5 (3.8) 11.5 (3.2) 4.3 (1.4) 5.5 (1.3)
Highest (T3) 127.3 (16.3) 134.2 (13.4) 11.8 (2.8) 11.9 (4.4) 4.7 (1.1) 6.1 (1.6)
p Value # <.001,,§ <.001,,§ <.001,§ .010,§ <.001,,§ <.001,§

Notes: Data (mean [SD]) represent values of the different tertiles on lab-based measurements, i.e., 5-times-sit-to-stand test (5×STS time) and knee extension force normalized for body mass. SPPB = Short Physical Performance Battery; SD = standard deviation; STS = sit-to-stand transitions.

*Women tertiles cutoff: T1 ≤ 33.17, T3 ≥ 46.00; Men tertiles cutoff: T1 ≤ 40.15, T3 ≥ 52.40.

T1–T2 p < .05.

T2–T3 p < .05.

§T1–T3 p < .05.

Women tertiles cutoff: T1 ≤ 51.66, T3 ≥ 59.74; Men tertiles cutoff: T1 ≤ 55.32, T3 ≥ 62.67.

Women tertiles cutoff: T1 ≤ 97.22, T3 ≥ 111.21; Men tertiles cut-off: T1 ≤ 103.15, T3 ≥ 120.80.

#Independent-samples Kruskal–Wallis test (Pairwise: Dunn’s test, Bonferroni-Holm).