Table 1.
Characteristics of included studies.
| Study | Study Location | Study Design | Conditions | Sample Size* | Patient Characteristics | Mean Length Between Appointments | BCVA Measure | Pre-Pandemic BCVA | During-Pandemic BCVA | Change in BCVA | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Arruabarrena et al.2 | Europe | Retrospective observational study | nAMD | 546 patients (546 eyes) | Mean age: 79.4 years % female: 44.9% |
2.45 months | ETDRS letters | 59.02 | 55.61 | -3.41 |
| 2 | Borrelli et al.4 | Italy | Case series | nAMD | 100 patients (112 eyes) | Mean age: 79.1 years % female: 49.0% |
110.7 days | logMAR | 0.45 | 0.50 | 0.05 |
| 3 | Bulut et al.5 | Turkey | Retrospective observational study | nAMD, DME, RVO | 46 patients (55 eyes) | Mean age: 61.0 years % female: 47.8% |
5 months | logMAR | 0.72 (all) 1.11 (nAMD) 0.60 (DME) 0.85 (RVO) |
0.76 (all) 1.27 (nAMD) 0.58 (DME) 1.02 (RVO) |
0.04 (all) 0.16 (nAMD) -0.02 (DME) 0.17 (RVO) |
| 4 | Elfalah et al.8 | Jordan | Retrospective observational study | nAMD, DME, RVO | 145 eyes | Mean age: 64.8 years % female: 45.6% |
60.97 days | Snellen (decimal) | NA | NA | -0.04 (nAMD) 0.02 (DME) -0.03 (BRVO) -0.09 (CRVO) |
| 5 | Naravane et al.24 | USA | Retrospective review | nAMD, DME, RVO | 57 patients (77 eyes) | Mean age: 73 years % female: 61.4% |
>2 weeks† | logMAR | 0.63 (all) 0.73 (nAMD) 0.54 (DME) 0.56 (RVO) |
0.77 (all) 0.85 (nAMD) 0.72 (DME) 0.55 (RVO) |
0.14 (all) 0.12 (nAMD) 0.18 (DME) -0.01 (RVO) |
| 6 | Rush et al.28 | USA | Case series | nAMD, DME, RVO | 129 patients (129 eyes) | Mean age: 73.4 years % female: 57.4% |
11.8 weeks | logMAR | 0.38 (all) 0.44 (nAMD) 0.34 (DME) 0.31 (RVO) |
0.65 (all) 0.75 (nAMD) 0.53 (DME) 0.63 (RVO) |
0.27 (all) 0.31 (nAMD) 0.19 (DME) 0.32 (RVO) |
| 7 | Rahimzadeh et al.27 | United Kingdom | Retrospective observational study | nAMD, DME | 80 patients (86 eyes) | Mean age: NA % female: NA |
>47 days |
ETDRS letters | NA | NA | 1.67 (nAMD) 1.63 (DME) |
| 8 | Saleh et al.29 | Jordan | Retrospective observational study | nAMD, DME, RVO | 119 patients | Mean age: 59.9 years % female: 46.3% |
6.2 weeks | logMAR | 0.48 (nAMD) 0.46 (DME) 0.44 (RVO) |
0.66 (nAMD) 0.58 (DME) 0.6 (RVO) |
0.18 (nAMD) 0.12 (DME) 0.16 (RVO) |
| 9 | Sekeroglu et al.30 | Turkey | Retrospective observational study | nAMD | 140 patients (140 eyes) | Mean age: 72.0 years % female: 55.7% |
29.4 weeks | ETDRS letters | 50.2 | 38.8 | -11.4 |
| 10 | Sevik et al.31‡ | Turkey | Retrospective observational study | nAMD | 31 patients (33 eyes) | Mean age: 70.7 years % female: 53.7% |
>10 weeks | logMAR | 0.52 | 0.70 | 0.08 |
| 11 | Sindal et al.33‡ | India | Retrospective observational study | nAMD, DME, RVO | 131 eyes | Mean age: 58.3 years % female: 30.4% |
>15.8 weeks | logMAR | 0.4 (nAMD) 0.3 (DME 0.5 (RVO) |
0.5 (nAMD) 0.3 (DME) 0.5 (RVO) |
0.1 (nAMD) 0.0 (DME) 0.0 (RVO) |
| 12 | Song et al.34 | USA | Retrospective chart review | nAMD, DME, RVO | 421 patients | Mean age: 77.5 years % female: 59.9% |
11.95 weeks | ETDRS letters | NA | NA | -1.23 (nAMD) -3.48 (DME) -3.22 (RVO) |
| 13 | Stattin et al.35 | Austria | Retrospective observational study | nAMD | 142 patients (142 eyes) | Mean age: 78.1 years % female: 56.3% |
120 days | ETDRS letters | 70 | 67.8 | -2.3 |
| 14 | Stone et al.36 | United Kingdom | Retrospective observational study | nAMD, DME, RVO | 261 patients (298 eyes) | Mean age: 78.8 years % female: 57.6% |
13.1 weeks | ETDRS letters | 60.4 (all) 60.1 (nAMD) 63.0 (DME) 59.7 (RVO) |
55.7 (all) 55.2 (nAMD) 61.1 (DME) 54.5 (RVO) |
-4.7 (all) -4.9 (nAMD) -1.9 (DME) -5.2 (RVO) |
| 15 | Valverde-Megias et al.37 | Spain | Case series | nAMD | 242 patients (270 eyes) | Mean age: 82.8 years % female: NA |
184.2 days | ETDRS letters | 60.2 | 55.9 | -4.3 |
| 16 | Yang et al.44 | China | Retrospective chart review | nAMD, DME, RVO | 46 patients (59 eyes) | Mean age: 62.4 years % female: 45.8% |
5.3 months | logMAR | 0.57 | 0.98 | 0.41 |
| 17 | Yeter et al.45c | Turkey | Retrospective observational study | nAMD | 106 patients (116 eyes) | Mean age: 73.2 years % female: 51.9% |
5.08 months | logMAR | 0.67 | 0.78 | 0.11 |
| 18 | Zhao et al.46 | China | Retrospective observational study | nAMD | 82 patients (96 eyes) | Mean age: 74.4 years % female: 51.2% |
4.37 months | logMAR | 0.80 | 0.95 | 0.15 |
⁎
Where possible, sample size only includes delayed patients
†
Authors provided length of delay rather than length of time between two visits
‡
BCVA measurements provided in medians