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. 2022 Aug 13;36(9):108284. doi: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2022.108284

Table 1.

: Baseline characteristics of CAM cases.

Characteristics Total Positive Negative p-value
Age (mean ± SD) (n = 208) 52.84 ± 14.07 52.82 ± 11.61 52.88 ± 12.83 0.973
Sex (n = 208)
Male
Female

136 (65.4 %)
72 (34.6 %)

81 (63.8 %)
46 (36.2 %)

55 (67.9 %)
26 (32.1 %)
0.542
Rural/Urban (n = 194)
Rural
Urban

99 (51.0 %)
95 (49.0 %)

67 (56.3 %)
52 (43.7 %)

32 (42.7 %)
43 (57.3 %)
0.064
Vaccinated (n = 194)
No
Yes

160 (82.5 %)
34 (17.5 %)

95 (79.8 %)
24 (20.2 %)

65 (86.7 %)
10 (13.3 %)
0.223
Vaccine doses given (n = 34)
One
Two

30 (15.4 %)
04 (2.1)

19 (16.0 %)
4 (3.4 %)

11 (13.3 %)
0 (0)
0.28
Blood Group (n = 181)
A
B
O
AB

55 (30.4 %)
35 (19.3 %)
69 (38.1 %)
22 (12.2 %)

35 (31.3 %)
20 (17.9 %)
44 (39.3 %)
13 (11.6 %)

20 (29.0 %)
15 (21.7 %)
25 (36.2 %)
9 (13.0 %)
0.901
BMI kg/m2(mean ± SD),(n = 181) 24.57 ± 1.82 24.59 ± 1.81 24.55 ± 1.85 0.892
Diabetes (n = 208) 200 (96.2 %) 124 (97.6 %) 76 (93.8 %) 0.163
Duration of diabetes (months) (n = 113) 6.90 ± 4.95 7.06 ± 5.32 6.69 ± 4.46 0.698
Hypertension (n = 207) 61 (29.5) 38 (30.2 %) 23 (28.4 %) 0.786
Chronic kidney disease (n = 206) 8 (3.9) 4 (3.2 %)% 4 (3.2 %) 0.509
Admission during COVID (n = 200)
Yes
No

90 (45.0 %)
110 (55.0 %)

56 (46.3 %)
65 (53.7 %)

34 (43.0 %)
45 (57.0 %)
0.652



Drugs taken during COVID-19 infection
Steroid intake(n = 202) 131 (64.9 %) 81 (65.9 %) 50 (63.3 %) 0.710
Ivermectin intake (n = 199) 152 (76.4 %) 96 (78.7 %) 56 (72.7 %) 0.335
Antibiotics intake (n = 200) 173 (86.5 %) 108 (87.8 %) 65 (84.4 %) 0.495
Zinc intake (n = 201) 170 (84.6 %) 107 (87.0 %) 63 (80.8 %) 0.234
Ayurveda medications (n = 190) 109 (57.4 %) 69 (54.3 %) 40 (63.5 %) 0.229
Inhalational O2 given (n = 200) 79 (39.5 %) 47 (38.5 %) 32 (41.0 %) 0.724
Steam inhalation (n = 180) 123 (68.3 %) 70 (64.8 %) 53 (73.6 %) 0.214
Gargling (n = 179) 104 (58.1 %) 58 (54.2 %) 46 (63.9 %) 0.198
Baseline investigations
Total WBC Count (n = 204) 11,550.17 ± 11,817.55 10,638.96 ± 5573.34 12,991.97 ± 17,625.07 0.167
Neutrophil (n = 204) % 73.48 ± 11.046 73.20 ± 10.976 73.92 ± 11.212 0.649
Lymphocyte (n = 204) % 17.175 ± 10.0045 17.509 ± 10.3753 16.646 ± 9.4286 0.550
CD4 count (n = 167) 538.43 ± 233.404 536.33 ± 238.349 541.72 ± 227.220 0.885
Fasting blood sugar (n = 206) 184.20 ± 87.597 191.39 ± 95.230 172.88 ± 73.143 0.140
Total Protein (n = 204) 6.655 ± 0.8863 6.683 ± 0.8723 6.610 ± 0.9117 0.567
Albumin (n = 204) 3.099 ± 0.5044 3.094 ± 0.5259 3.108 ± 0.4714 0.847
Serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (n = 204) 40.267 ± 32.1565 40.259 ± 34.3758 40.278 ± 28.5055 0.997
Serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (n = 204) 45.065 ± 32.3662 44.850 ± 32.1088 45.405 ± 32.9726 0.905
Serum Creatinine(n = 204) 1.109 ± 0.9021 1.116 ± 0.9359 1.099 ± 0.8518 0.894
Serum Ferritin (n = 166) 126.7550 ± 161.85323 147.5863 ± 172.86456 97.4704 ± 141.02900 0.049
HbA1c (n = 201) 10.1626 ± 2.56382 10.4528 ± 2.55264 9.7049 ± 2.53030 0.044