Table II.
Patient characteristics in patients with inguinal hernia incarceration and emergency department encounters at 14 US children’s hospitals between September 13, 2019 and September 13, 2020
| No incarceration (n = 1,312) |
Any incarceration (n = 92) |
P value | No emergency department (n = 1,191) |
Any emergency department (n = 213) |
P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. (%) | No. (%) | No. (%) | i | |||
| Sex | ||||||
| Male | 1011 (77.1%) | 85 (92.4%) | <.01 | 909 (76.3%) | 187 (87.8%) | <.01 |
| Female | 301 (22.9%) | 7 (7.6%) | 282 (23.7%) | 26 (12.2%) | ||
| Race | ||||||
| Non-Hispanic White | 671 (51.1%) | 31 (33.7%) | .01 | 620 (52.1%) | 82 (38.5%) | <.01 |
| Hispanic White | 108 (8.2%) | 11 (12.0%) | 96 (8.1%) | 23 (10.8%) | ||
| Black/African American | 285 (21.7%) | 28 (30.4%) | 243 (20.4%) | 70 (32.9%) | ||
| Other/refused | 152 (11.6%) | 17 (18.5%) | 143 (12.0%) | 26 (12.2%) | ||
| Missing | 96 (7.4%) | 5 (5.4%) | 89 (7.5%) | 12 (5.6%) | ||
| Adjusted gestational age, years | ||||||
| Median (IQR) | 2.19 (0.23–5.89) | 0.33 (0.11–1.82) | <.01 | 2.50 (0.25–6.12) | 0.38 (0.12–2.23) | <.01 |
| Insurance | ||||||
| Private | 822 (62.7%) | 38 (41.3%) | <.01 | 757 (63.6%) | 103 (48.4%) | <.01 |
| Public | 447 (34.1%) | 44 (47.8%) | 394 (33.1%) | 97 (45.5%) | ||
| Other or Uninsured | 15 (1.1%) | 4 (4.4%) | 14 (1.2%) | 5 (2.4%) | ||
| Missing | 28 (2.1%) | 6 (6.5%) | 26 (2.2%) | 8 (3.8%) | ||
| Laterality | ||||||
| Bilateral | 147 (11.2%) | 16 (17.4%) | .13 | 131 (11.0%) | 32 (15.0%) | .03 |
| Left | 451 (34.4%) | 25 (27.2%) | 419 (35.2%) | 57 (26.8%) | ||
| Right | 714 (54.4%) | 51 (55.4%) | 641 (53.8%) | 124 (58.2%) | ||
| ASA | ||||||
| ASA class 1/2 | 1217 (92.8%) | 80 (87.0%) | .04 | 1,107 (93.0%) | 190 (89.2%) | .06 |
| ASA class 3/4 | 95 (7.2%) | 12 (13.0%) | 84 (7.1%) | 23 (10.8%) | ||
| Cancellation period | ||||||
| Precancellation | 754 (57.5%) | 46 (50.0%) | .16 | 696 (58.4%) | 104 (48.8%) | .01 |
| Postcancellation | 558 (42.5%) | 46 (50.0%) | 495 (41.6%) | 109 (51.2%) | ||
Precancellation period was defined as September 13, 2019 to the date that hospitals cancelled elective surgeries, and postcancellation was defined as the date of elective surgery cancellation through September 13, 2020.
ASA, American Society of Anesthesiologist classification; IQR, interquartile range.