Table 3.
Multivariate adjusted odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for MUO phenotype across tertiles of PDI, hPDI and uPDI.
| Tertiles of PDI | Tertiles of hPDI | Tertiles of uPDI | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| T1 (n = 61) | T2 (n = 71) | T3 (n = 71) | P-trend1 | T1 (n = 72) | T2 (n = 65) | T3 (n = 66) | P-trend1 | T1 (n = 62) | T2 (n = 74) | T3 (n = 67) | P-trend1 | |
| MUO phenotype based on IDF criteria | ||||||||||||
| Cases (n) | 19 | 29 | 31 | 44 | 27 | 8 | 13 | 23 | 43 | |||
| Crude | 1 (Ref.) | 1.53 (0.74, 3.13) | 1.71 (0.84 3.51) | 0.15 | 1 (Ref.) | 0.45 (0.23, 0.90) | 0.09 (0.04, 0.21) | < 0.001 | 1 (Ref.) | 1.70 (0.78, 3.73) | 6.75 (3.07, 14.87) | < 0.001 |
| Model 1 | 1 (Ref.) | 1.33 (0.63, 2.80) | 1.32 (0.62, 2.83) | 0.49 | 1 (Ref.) | 0.55 (0.26, 1.14) | 0.10 (0.04, 0.25) | < 0.001 | 1 (Ref.) | 1.95 (0.84, 4.53) | 8.55 (3.56, 20.50) | < 0.001 |
| Model 2 | 1 (Ref.) | 1.63 (0.69, 3.84) | 1.08 (0.46, 2.55) | 0.92 | 1 (Ref.) | 0.53 (0.24, 1.19) | 0.18 (0.07, 0.48) | 0.01 | 1 (Ref.) | 1.31 (0.51, 3.35) | 3.96 (1.43, 10.98) | 0.01 |
| Model 3 | 1 (Ref.) | 1.60 (0.68, 3.80) | 1.07 (0.45, 2.57) | 0.92 | 1 (Ref.) | 0.55 (0.24, 1.24) | 0.18 (0.07, 0.49) | 0.01 | 1 (Ref.) | 1.29 (0.50, 3.36) | 4.00 (1.43, 11.19) | 0.01 |
| Model 4 | 1 (Ref.) | 1.61 (0.68, 3.82) | 1.03 (0.43, 2.48) | 0.99 | 1 (Ref.) | 0.53 (0.23, 1.22) | 0.15 (0.05, 0.43) | < 0.001 | 1 (Ref.) | 1.33 (0.51, 3.48) | 3.95 (1.41, 11.12) | 0.01 |
| MUO phenotype based on HOMA-IR criteria | ||||||||||||
| Cases (n) | 15 | 23 | 29 | 40 | 20 (30.8) | 7 | 11 | 19 | 37 | |||
| Crude | 1 (Ref.) | 1.47 (0.68, 3.16) | 2.12 (1.00, 4.49) | 0.05 | 1 (Ref.) | 0.36 (0.18, 0.72) | 0.10 (0.04, 0.24) | < 0.001 | 1 (Ref.) | 1.60 (0.70, 3.69) | 5.72 (2.54, 12.86) | < 0.001 |
| Model 1 | 1 (Ref.) | 1.20 (0.54, 2.67) | 1.51 (0.68, 3.37) | 0.30 | 1 (Ref.) | 0.49 (0.23, 1.03) | 0.12 (0.05, 0.31) | < 0.001 | 1 (Ref.) | 2.00 (0.80, 5.02) | 8.41 (3.12, 21.31) | < 0.001 |
| Model 2 | 1 (Ref.) | 1.37 (0.56, 3.35) | 1.22 (0.49, 3.00) | 0.70 | 1 (Ref.) | 0.45 (0.20, 1.02) | 0.22 (0.07, 0.62) | 0.01 | 1 (Ref.) | 1.39 (0.50, 3.89) | 4.04 (1.35, 12.04) | 0.01 |
| Model 3 | 1 (Ref.) | 1.33 (0.53, 3.30) | 1.20 (0.48, 2.99) | 0.73 | 1 (Ref.) | 0.44 (0.18, 1.03) | 0.21 (0.07, 0.63) | 0.01 | 1 (Ref.) | 1.35 (0.48, 3.86) | 4.10 (1.35, 12.46) | 0.01 |
| Model 4 | 1 (Ref.) | 1.35 (0.54, 3.39) | 1.13 (0.45, 2.85) | 0.84 | 1 (Ref.) | 0.42 (0.18, 1.01) | 0.16 (0.05, 0.52) | 0.01 | 1 (Ref.) | 1.44 (0.49, 4.22) | 4.06 (1.31, 12.57) | 0.01 |
All values are odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals. Model 1: Adjusted for age, sex, and energy intake. Model 2: Additionally, adjusted for physical activity and socioeconomic status (evaluated based on parental education level, parental job, family size, having car in the family, having computer/laptop, having personal room and having travel by using demographic questionnaire). Model 3: Additionally, adjusted for margarine and trans fatty acids. Model 4: Additionally, adjusted for Body Mass Index (BMI).
1Obtained by the use of tertiles of PDI, hPDI, or uPDI as an ordinal variable in the model.