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. 2022 Aug 12;12:13751. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-18134-7

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© The Author(s) 2022

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Distributions of Manhattan and QQ-plots of GWAS based on BLINK for % root and shoot weights, where x-axis represents the spinach chromosomes and y-axis represents LOD [–log(P-value)] value of each SNP in Manhattan plot, and x-axis represents the Expected LOD [–log(P-value] and y-axis represents Observed LOD [–log(P-value)] value of each SNP in QQ-plot.