Table 1.
Patient and disease characteristics.
| MGUS | P-value between infected and uninfected MGUS a | SMM | MM | P-value between infected and uninfected MM a | CG | P-value between infected and uninfected CG a | P-value between all uninfected groups | P-value between all infected groups | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Uninfected | Infected | Uninfected | Uninfected | Infected | Uninfected | Infected | ||||||
| N = 15 | N = 2 | N = 22 | N = 10 | N = 4 | N = 36 | N = 58 | ||||||
| Female, n (%) | 9 (60) | 2 (100) | 0.51 | 15 (68) | 5 (50) | 4 (100) | 0.22 | 21 (58) | 34 (59) | 1.00 | 0.78 | 0.15 |
| Age, years, median [IQR] | 67 [51–83] | 78 [77–78] | 0.51 | 73 [63–80] | 74 [68–79] | 53 [45–83] | 0.23 | 62 [48–77] | 75 [63–82] | 0.004 | 0.61 | 0.32 |
| Gammopathy type, n (%) | ||||||||||||
| IgG (Kappa or Lambda) | 8 (53) | 1 (50) | 14 (64) | 6 (60) | 3 (75) | NA | NA | |||||
| IgA (Kappa or Lambda) | 3 (20) | 1 (50) | 5 (23) | 2 (20) | 0 (0) | NA | NA | |||||
| IgM (Kappa or Lambda) | 4 (27) | 0 (0) | 2 (9) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | NA | NA | |||||
| Bence Jones Kappa | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 (5) | 1 (10) | 1 (25) | NA | NA | |||||
| Bence Jones Lambda | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 (10) | 0 (0) | NA | NA | |||||
| Immunoparesis, n (%) | 6 (35) | 1 (50) | 1.0 | 17 (77) | 9 (90) | 3 (75) | 0.10 | NA | NA | |||
| Total lymphocytes (×103), cells/μl, median [IQR] | 2.5 [2.0–3.0] | 1.8 [1.3–2.4] | 0.37 | 1.8 [1.6–2.4] | 1.5 [0.8–2.3] | 1.8 [1.2–2.3] | 0.84 | NA | NA | |||
| Lymphopenia (<103 cells/μl), n (%) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 | 1 (5) | 3 (30) | 0 (0) | 0.5 | NA | NA | |||
| Treatment | ||||||||||||
| No treatment, n (%) | 17 (100) | 2 (100) | 22 (100) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | NA | NA | |||||
| VRD | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 2 (20) | 3 (75) | |||||||
| VRD+autoTPH | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 (10) | 0 (0) | |||||||
| Daratumumab in combination | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 4 (40) | 0 (0) | |||||||
| KRD | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 (10) | 0 (0) | |||||||
| KRD+autoTPH | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 (10) | 0 (0) | |||||||
| VTD+autoTPH | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 (10) | 0 (0) | |||||||
| Prednisona | 0 (0) | 1 (25) | ||||||||||
| Detectable anti-NP SARS-CoV-2 IgG, n (%) | 0 (0) | 2 (100) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 4 (100) | 0 (0) | ND | |||||
| Vaccine, n (%) | 0.58 | 0.0004 | 0.19 | |||||||||
| Pfizer | 13 (87) | 2 (100) | 1.0 | 9 (41) | 3 (30) | 2 (50) | 29 (81) | 48 (83) | ||||
| Moderna | 2 (13) | 0 (0) | 13 (59) | 7 (70) | 2 (50) | 7 (32) | 10 (17) | |||||
| Time from complete vaccine dose to extraction, days | ||||||||||||
| Median [IQR] | 97 [42–144] | 65 [64–65] | 0.36 | 123 [67–158] | 80 [62–153] | 111 [77–177] | 0.81 | 101 [89–112] | 92 [78–107] | 0.007 | 0.44 | 0.08 |
| Range | 23–166 | 64–65 | 28–167 | 33–156 | 77–188 | 33–184 | 29–141 | |||||
| Comorbidities, n (%) | ||||||||||||
| HTA | 6 (40) | 2 (100) | 8 (36) | 7 (70) | 2 (50) | 10 (28) | 27 (47) | 0.11 | 0.45 | |||
| Autoimmune disease | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 12 (21) | 1.0 | 0.72 | |||
| Allergies | 1 (7) | 0 (0) | 4 (18) | 2 (14) | 0 (0) | 4 (11) | 5 (9) | 1.0 | 1.0 | |||
| Diabetes | 2 (13) | 0 (0) | 4 (18) | 2 (14) | 0 (0) | 7 (19) | 3 (5) | 1.0 | 1.0 | |||
a
P-values obtained from Fisher’s exact test for categorical variables and Mann–Whitney for continuous variables.
Significant P-values are indicated in bold and all P-values are in italic.
HSCT, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation; VRD, bortezomib, lenalidomide, dexamethasone; KRD, carfilzomib, lenalidomide, dexamethasone; VTD, bortezomib, thalidomide, dexamethasone.