Table 3.

Relationships of Cumulative Exposure to Blood Pressure for 25 Years or Visit 1 or Visit 5 Blood Pressure With Retinal Phenotypes

Blood pressure per 1 SD higher	CRAE, μm		CRVE, μm		AVR
	β (SE)	P value	β (SE)	P value	β (SE)	P value
Cumulative SBP	−0.52 (0.40)	0.189	−1.11 (0.59)	0.059	0.001 (0.002)	0.485
Visit 1 SBP	−0.11 (0.38)	0.772	−0.03 (0.56)	0.957	−0.0003 (0.002)	0.880
Visit 5 SBP	−0.58 (0.37)	0.111	−1.74 (0.54)	0.001	0.003 (0.002)	0.078
Cumulative DBP	−1.78 (0.38)	<0.001	−1.17 (0.57)	0.040	−0.005 (0.002)	0.004
Visit 1 DBP	−0.97 (0.38)	0.011	−0.33 (0.56)	0.558	−0.004 (0.002)	0.030
Visit 5 DBP	−1.38 (0.36)	<0.001	−1.72 (0.53)	0.001	−0.001 (0.002)	0.416

Analyses were adjusted for age, sex, race, body mass index, visit center, smoking status, drinking status, triglycerides, low‐density lipoprotein, high‐density lipoprotein, prevalence of diabetes, prevalence of hypertension, and antihypertensive medication at visit 5. β represents unstandardized regression coefficient. One SD was 13, 16, and 18 mm Hg, respectively, for time‐averaged cumulative SBP, visit 1 SBP, and visit 5 SBP and was 7, 10, and 11 mm Hg, respectively, for time‐averaged cumulative DBP, visit 1 DBP, and visit 5 DBP. AVR indicates arteriole:venule ratio; CRAE, central retinal arteriolar equivalent; CRVE, central retinal venular equivalent; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; and SBP, systolic blood pressure.