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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Aug 14.
Published in final edited form as: J Affect Disord. 2020 Jul 14;276:720–731. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.06.039

Table 4.

Structural equation models for childhood maltreatment predicting suicide thoughts and suicide attempts via environmental vulnerability factors

Beta SE 95% CI p χ 2 CFI TLI RMSEA
Total Effects: CM -> Suicide Thoughts 0.13 0.10 −0.08, 0.33 0.230
Direct: CM -> Suicide Thoughts 0.13 0.10 −0.08, 0.34 0.220 51.893*** <0.001 19.606 0.109
CM -> Social Isolation 0.14 0.07 0.00, 0.28 0.056
Social Isolation-> Suicide Thoughts −0.02 0.05 −0.12, 0.07 0.645
CM -> Social Isolation -> Suicide Thoughts 0.00 0.01 −0.02, 0.01 0.661
Direct: CM -> Suicide Thoughts 0.12 0.10 −0.10, 0.33 0.275 22.606** <0.001 1.000 0.067
CM -> Physical Illness 0.10 0.08 −0.05, 0.26 0.187
Physical Illness -> Suicide Thoughts 0.08 0.05 −0.01, 0.18 0.083
CM -> Physical Illness -> Suicide Thoughts 0.01 0.01 −0.01, 0.03 0.441
Direct: CM -> Suicide Thoughts 0.09 0.11 −0.12, 0.31 0.383 9.133 0.225 0.694 0.036
CM -> Homelessness 0.26 0.10 0.07, 0.44 0.008
Homelessness -> Suicide Thoughts 0.13 0.05 0.03, 0.23 0.013
CM -> Homelessness> Suicide Thoughts 0.03 0.02 0.00, 0.07 0.070
Total Effects: CM -> Suicide attempt 0.56 0.12 0.32, 0.79 <0.001
Direct: CM -> Suicide Attempt 0.55 0.12 0.31, 0.78 <0.001 41.97*** <0.001 <0.001 0.100
CM -> Social Isolation 0.21 0.08 0.06, 0.36 0.006
Social Isolation-> Suicide Attempt 0.05 0.05 −0.05, 0.16 0.316
CM -> Social Isolation -> Suicide Attempt 0.01 0.01 −0.01, 0.04 0.364
Direct: CM -> Suicide Attempt 0.54 0.12 0.31, 0.77 <0.001 26.946*** <0.001 0.618 0.078
CM -> Physical Illness 0.13 0.08 −0.03, 0.29 0.121
Physical Illness -> Suicide Attempt 0.17 0.05 0.08, 0.26 <0.001
CM -> Physical Illness -> Suicide Attempt 0.02 0.02 −0.01, 0.05 0.155
Direct: CM -> Suicide Attempt 0.46 0.11 0.23, 0.69 <0.001 10.692* 0.608 0.902 0.042
CM -> Homelessness 0.34 0.10 0.14, 0.54 0.001
Homelessness -> Suicide Attempt 0.29 0.04 0.20, 0.37 <0.001
CM -> Homelessness -> Suicide Attempt 0.10 0.03 0.03, 0.16 0.003

Notes: Beta = change in z score per unit change in independent variables; SE = standard error; CI = confidence interval; χ 2 = critical ratio chi square; degrees of freedom for chi-square test = 3; CFI = comparative fit index; TLI =Tucker-Lewis index; RMSEA = root mean square error of approximation; CM = childhood maltreatment. Physical illness includes physical illness and disabilities. All analyses controlled for age, sex, race and IQ.