Table 4.
Summary statistics of demographics and individual-level SDOH factors in the merged data with COVID-19 status as indicated by International Classification of Diseases (ICD) codes.
| COVID-19 positive | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristics | N | No, N = 54,330a | Yes, N = 1,092a | p-valueb |
| Gender | 55,422 | 0.032 | ||
| F | 29,611 (55%) | 638 (58%) | ||
| M | 24,706 (45%) | 454 (42%) | ||
| U | 13 (<0.1%) | 0 (0%) | ||
| Age | 55,422 | 62 (18) | 46 (18) | <0.001 |
| Race | 46,869 | <0.001 | ||
| African American | 10,220 (22%) | 298 (32%) | ||
| Asian | 551 (1.2%) | 25 (2.7%) | ||
| Hispanic | 1,445 (3.1%) | 110 (12%) | ||
| White/other | 33,726 (73%) | 494 (53%) | ||
| Home owner renter | 54,068 | <0.001 | ||
| Home owner | 34,558 (65%) | 605 (56%) | ||
| Renter | 18,420 (35%) | 485 (44%) | ||
| Marital status | 54,068 | <0.001 | ||
| Married | 26,140 (49%) | 391 (36%) | ||
| Single | 26,838 (51%) | 699 (64%) | ||
| Has children | 54,068 | 14,826 (28%) | 377 (35%) | <0.001 |
| Member household | 54,068 | <0.001 | ||
| 1 | 20,473 (39%) | 487 (45%) | ||
| 2 | 15,603 (29%) | 224 (21%) | ||
| 3 | 7,772 (15%) | 173 (16%) | ||
| 4 | 5,201 (9.8%) | 112 (10%) | ||
| 5 | 3,305 (6.2%) | 71 (6.5%) | ||
| 6 | 393 (0.7%) | 13 (1.2%) | ||
| 7 | 145 (0.3%) | 3 (0.3%) | ||
| 8 | 61 (0.1%) | 6 (0.6%) | ||
| 8 Plus | 25 (<0.1%) | 1 (<0.1%) | ||
| Estimated family income | 34,792 | 0.4 | ||
| <30 K | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | ||
| $30–50 K | 14,070 (41%) | 271 (43%) | ||
| $50–75 K | 9,228 (27%) | 165 (26%) | ||
| $75–100 K | 4,448 (13%) | 90 (14%) | ||
| $100–125 K | 2,567 (7.5%) | 36 (5.7%) | ||
| $125 K plus | 3,848 (11%) | 69 (11%) | ||
| Estimated home market value | 51,438 | 0.9 | ||
| <100 K | 19,231 (38%) | 405 (39%) | ||
| 100–200 K | 21,183 (42%) | 434 (42%) | ||
| 200–300 K | 5,719 (11%) | 124 (12%) | ||
| 300–400 K | 2,153 (4.3%) | 39 (3.7%) | ||
| 400–500 K | 878 (1.7%) | 20 (1.9%) | ||
| 500 K plus | 1,230 (2.4%) | 22 (2.1%) | ||
| Economic stability indicator | 37,135 | <0.001 | ||
| 10–15 | 7,126 (20%) | 117 (15%) | ||
| 16–20 | 7,696 (21%) | 118 (15%) | ||
| 21–25 | 10,940 (30%) | 226 (28%) | ||
| 26–30 | 10,573 (29%) | 339 (42%) | ||
| Education | 34,295 | <0.001 | ||
| Attended vocational/technical | 361 (1.1%) | 5 (0.7%) | ||
| Completed college | 11,392 (34%) | 187 (28%) | ||
| Completed graduate school | 4,008 (12%) | 45 (6.6%) | ||
| Completed high school | 17,857 (53%) | 440 (65%) | ||
aStatistics presented: n (%); mean (SD).
bStatistical tests performed: chi-square test of independence; Wilcoxon rank-sum test.