Table 2.
Absolute and relative measures of inequalities in total tooth loss, according to household wealth, in adults ≥ 18 years of age (World Health Survey, 2002–2004)
| Group | Country | RII† | (95% CI) | SII† | (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| LIC | Bangladesh | 2.47 | (0.99 to 6.21) | 1.0 | (−0.1 to 2.1) |
| Burkina Faso | 0.86 | (0.31 to 2.37) | −0.2 | (−1.6 to 1.2) | |
| Chad | 0.40 | (0.16 to 1.01) | −4.0 | (−8.3 to 0.2) | |
| Ethiopia | 0.21 | (0.04 to 1.08) | −1.7 | (−3.2 to −0.1) | |
| Georgia | 0.82 | (0.35 to 1.93) | −1.7 | (−8.5 to 5.0) | |
| Ghana | 1.38 | (0.41 to 4.65) | 0.5 | (−1.3 to 2.3) | |
| Kazakhstan | 2.36 | (0.94 to 5.96) | 7.0 | (−1.7 to 15.7) | |
| Kenya | 1.60 | (0.34 to 7.59) | 0.4 | (−1.0 to 1.8) | |
| Lao | 0.18 | (0.07 to 0.46)** | −2.9 | (−4.5 to −1.3)** | |
| Malawi | 1.14 | (0.48 to 2.71) | 0.4 | (−1.7 to 2.4) | |
| Mali | 1.66 | (0.53 to 5.18) | 1.0 | (−1.2 to 3.3) | |
| Myanmar | 0.51 | (0.15 to 1.75) | −0.8 | (−2.3 to −0.6) | |
| Nepal | 0.71 | (0.34 to 1.48) | −0.6 | (−1.9 to 0.7) | |
| Pakistan | 0.67 | (0.25 to 1.80) | −1.5 | (−5.8 to 2.8) | |
| Senegal | 1.05 | (0.45 to 2.45) | 0.3 | (−3.9 to 4.5) | |
| Vietnam | 7.08 | (1.89 to 26.46)** | 3.8 | (0.8 to 6.8)* | |
| Zimbabwe | 0.23 | (0.14 to 40.0)*** | −16.8 | (−22.7 to −0.9)*** | |
| LMIC | Bosnia & Herzegovina | 0.31 | (0.14 to 0.70)** | −8.7 | (−15.7 to −1.7)* |
| Brazil | 0.65 | (0.41 to 1.04) | −3.6 | (−8.1 to 0.8) | |
| Dominican Republic | 0.38 | (0.18 to 0.82)* | −6.0 | (−10.4 to −1.6)** | |
| Ecuador | 0.50 | (0.25 to 1.00) | −4.5 | (−9.1 to 0.2) | |
| Morocco | 1.11 | (0.53 to 2.32) | 0.8 | (−5.2 to 6.7) | |
| Namibia | 2.77 | (1.58 to 4.87)** | 12.8 | (5.6 to 20.0)** | |
| Paraguay | 0.94 | (0.52 to 1.72) | −0.4 | (−3.1 to 2.2) | |
| Philippines | 1.82 | (1.11 to 2.98)* | 3.5 | (0.7 to 6.3)* | |
| South Africa | 1.92 | (0.76 to 4.87) | 5.0 | (−2.4 to 12.3) | |
| Sri Lanka | 0.61 | (0.19 to 1.92) | −1.8 | (−5.4 to 1.8) | |
| Swaziland | 0.13 | (0.05 to 0.31)* | −13.5 | (−19.4 to −7.5)* | |
| Turkey | 0.67 | (0.46 to 0.97)*** | −4.0 | (−7.5 to −0.6)*** | |
| Ukraine | 1.42 | (0.29 to 6.88) | 2.4 | (−8.7 to 13.5) | |
| UMIC | Croatia | 2.08 | (0.73 to 5.94) | 7.8 | (−2.3 to 17.9) |
| Czech Republic | 0.44 | (0.09 to 2.07) | −3.2 | (−14.5 to 8.0) | |
| Estonia | 0.64 | (0.24 to 1.72) | −3.2 | (−10.5 to 4.1) | |
| Hungary | 0.54 | (0.24 to1.24) | −5.2 | (−12.7 to 2.2) | |
| Latvia | 0.18 | (0.05 to 0.69)* | −9.7 | (−18.8 to −0.6)* | |
| Malaysia | 0.81 | (0.48 to 1.37) | −1.7 | (−5.1 to 1.8) | |
| Mauritius | 0.78 | (0.50 to 1.20) | −2.4 | (−6.1 to 1.4) | |
| Mexico | 0.94 | (0.65 to 1.36) | −0.3 | (−2.4 to 1.9) | |
| Slovakia | 2.66 | (0.47 to 14.96) | 0.8 | (−1.4 to 3.0) | |
| Uruguay | 0.29 | (0.16 to 0.53)*** | −6.4 | (−10.2 to −2.7)** |
*
P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001.
†
Estimates were adjusted for participants’ sex, age groups and education.
LIC, low-income countries; LMIC, lower-middle-income countries; UMIC, upper-middle-income countries; RII, relative index of inequality; SII, slope index of inequality.