FIGURE 1.

Flowcharts of mining bioactive small molecules from human microbiota by different strategies. Left, the traditional strategy relies on the cultivation of microbes, bioactive molecules were discovered through activity‐oriented isolation process. Middle, the sequence‐directed strategy predicts biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) through bioinformatics analysis and obtains the products with the help of genetic manipulation or heterologous expression. Right, the synthetic‐bioinformatic strategy generates the small molecules, which are designed by analysis on certain types of BGCs, by chemical synthesis.