TABLE 2.

Twenty nine inflammatory markers with significant different levels between patients with an atrial septal defect and controls.

Biomarker	Open ASD (n = 27)	Spontaneously closed ASD (n = 99)	Controls (n = 23)	Open ASD vs. controls		Spont. closed ASD vs. controls
				Unadjusted p-value	Adjusted p-value	Unadjusted p-value	Adjusted p-value
AXIN1	3.06 ± 0.57	2.91 ± 0.51	1.71 ± 0.42	<0.01	<0.01	<0.01	<0.01
CASP8	0.92 ± 0.36	0.87 ± 0.33	0.57 ± 0.33	<0.01	0.06	<0.01	<0.01
CCL3	5.25 ± 0.55	5.12 ± 0.98	4.63 ± 0.62	<0.01	<0.01	0.06	0.18
CCL4	7.33 ± 0.52	7.28 ± 0.60	6.70 ± 0.78	<0.01	0.05	<0.01	<0.01
CCL11	7.83 ± 0.43	7.72 ± 0.46	7.48 ± 0.72	0.10	0.08	0.11	0.02
CCL23	9.82 ± 0.46	9.78 ± 0.38	10.00 ± 0.47	0.30	0.29	0.05	0.04
CD40	9.77 ± 0.34	9.74 ± 0.29	9.26 ± 0.28	<0.01	<0.01	<0.01	<0.01
CXCL1	8.62 ± 0.47	8.62 ± 0.51	8.10 ± 0.90	0.04	0.10	<0.01	0.02
CXCL6	8.78 ± 0.58	8.79 ± 0.55	7.83 ± 0.89	<0.01	<0.01	<0.01	<0.01
CXCL11	8.13 ± 0.63	8.08 ± 0.78	7.28 ± 0.98	<0.01	0.02	<0.01	<0.01
DNER	7.95 ± 0.27	8.07 ± 0.22	8.12 ± 0.21	0.05	0.03	0.51	0.91
GDNF	1.19 ± 0.45	1.19 ± 0.58	1.44 ± 0.41	0.10	0.20	0.12	0.04
HGF	8.53 ± 0.36	8.58 ± 0.39	8.13 ± 0.57	0.01	0.17	<0.01	<0.01
IL12β	4.37 ± 0.64	4.29 ± 0.61	4.07 ± 0.52	0.15	0.02	0.21	0.73
MCP1	10.64 ± 0.43	10.73 ± 0.43	10.28 ± 0.69	0.08	0.10	<0.01	<0.01
MCP2	8.43 ± 0.47	8.51 ± 0.68	7.59 ± 0.86	<0.01	0.01	<0.01	<0.01
MCP3	1.86 ± 0.64	1.84 ± 0.61	1.38 ± 0.58	0.03	0.10	<0.01	0.04
MCP4	4.87 ± 0.59	4.83 ± 0.59	3.91 ± 1.03	<0.01	0.02	<0.01	<0.01
MMP1	13.75 ± 0.77	13.58 ± 0.83	12.68 ± 1.26	<0.01	0.02	<0.01	<0.01
OSM	4.29 ± 0.77	4.18 ± 0.88	3.00 ± 1.40	<0.01	0.02	<0.01	<0.01
SIRT2	2.53 ± 0.92	2.40 ± 0.59	1.33 ± 0.62	<0.01	<0.01	<0.01	<0.01
STAMPB	3.92 ± 0.44	3.83 ± 0.38	3.27 ± 0.41	<0.01	<0.01	<0.01	<0.01
ST1A1	3.90 ± 1.11	3.50 ± 1.06	0.87 ± 0.59	<0.01	<0.01	<0.01	<0.01
TGF-α	4.11 ± 0.45	4.07 ± 0.59	3.56 ± 0.96	0.04	0.18	<0.01	0.04
TGFβ1	7.60 ± 0.22	7.60 ± 0.24	7.32 ± 0.50	0.04	0.16	<0.01	0.01
TNFSF14	6.27 ± 0.50	6.25 ± 0.63	4.35 ± 0.81	<0.01	<0.01	<0.01	<0.01
TWEAK	9.72 ± 0.27	9.78 ± 0.29	9.47 ± 0.51	0.07	0.14	<0.01	<0.01
uPA	9.97 ± 0.42	9.95 ± 0.30	10.19 ± 0.28	0.10	0.20	<0.01	<0.01
VEGFA	10.08 ± 0.66	10.13 ± 0.57	9.53 ± 0.60	0.01	0.08	<0.01	<0.01

Values are mean normalized protein expression-values ± standard deviation. p-values are after false detection rate post hoc correction; unadjusted and adjusted for gender, age, smoking and body mass index. Post hoc power calculation showed very high power > 80%. ASD, atrial septal defect.