Table 4.
Clinically significant changesa (N=12).
| Variable | Improved, n (%) | Worsened, n (%) | Net improvementb, n (%) |
| Depressive symptoms | 8 (70) | 2 (17) | 6 (50) |
| Health self-efficacy | 3 (25) | 4 (33) | –1 (–8) |
| Perceived stress | 5 (42) | 2 (17) | 3 (25) |
| Loneliness | 4 (33) | 0 (0) | 4 (33) |
| Social support | 3 (25) | 2 (12) | 1 (8) |
| Caregiving burden | 5 (42) | 2 (17) | 3 (25) |
aClinically significant improvement and worsening was defined as an unadjusted standardized change of ≥0.5 SD from baseline to follow-up.
bNet improvement = participants who improved – participants who worsened.