Table 2.
Clinical variables associated with mortality by time-dependent Cox regression by univariate analysis
| Overall (n = 610) | 1st wave (n = 397) | 2nd wave (n = 213) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variable | HR (CI95) | p | HR (CI95) | p | HR (CI95) | p |
| SaO2/FiO2 ratioa | 0.992 (0.99–0.994) | 3.04 × 10 − 12 | 0.993 (0.99–0.997) | 2.16 × 10 − 4 | 0.993 (0.99–0.996) | 1.92 × 10 − 5 |
| Age | 1.076 (1.059–1.093) | 2.22 × 10 − 15 | 1.088 (1.065–1.112) | 2.56 × 10 − 14 | 1.063 (1.035–1.092) | 6.17 × 10 − 6 |
| Gender (male) | 0.75 (0.52–1.077) | 0.1192 | 0.588 (0.367–0.942) | 0.027 | 0.758 (0.432–1.331) | 0.336 |
| Hypertension | 1.623 (1.444–2.30) | 0.007 | 1.986 (1.245–3.168) | 0.004 | 1.148 (0.671–1.963) | 0.615 |
| Diabetes | 1.437 (0.959–2.153) | 0.079 | 1.779 (1.07–2.954) | 0.026 | 0.937 (0.471–1.865) | 0.852 |
| Cardiovascular disease | 2.947 (2.061–4.212) | 3.04 × 10 − 9 | 3.895 (2.049–6.297) | 2.88 × 10 − 8 | 2.096 (1.208–3.638) | 0.008 |
| Malignancy | 1.639 (1.071–2.508) | 0.023 | 1.675 (0.948–2.959) | 0.07 | 1.474 (0.775–2.803) | 0.236 |
| COPD | 2.04 (1.333–3.125) | 0.001 | 2.137 (1.228–3.719) | 0.007 | 1.951 (0.993–3.832) | 0.053 |
| Neurological disease | 2.128 (1.32–3.432) | 0.002 | 3.277 (1.761–6.098) | 1.79 × 10 − 4 | 1.272 (0.6–2.695) | 0.53 |
| Renal disease | 2.482 (1.47–4.193) | 6.68 × 10 − 4 | 2.779 (1.38–5.595) | 0.004 | 3.03 (1.355–6.775) | 0.007 |
| Time to hospitalization | 0.952 (0.909–0.998) | 0.04 | 0.96 (0.903–1.02) | 0.184 | 0.938 (0.862–1.021) | 0.141 |
| Fever | 1.613 (2.176–2.136) | 8.6 × 10 − 4 | 1.756 (1.048–2.942) | 0.033 | 1.419 (0.842–2.39) | 0.188 |
| HCQb | 0.571 (0.40–0.815) | 0.002 | 0.357 (0.211–0.602) | 1.14 × 10–4 | NA | NA |
| Remdesivirb | 0.146 (0.02–1.015) | 0.052 | NA | NA | 0.134 (0.019–0.974) | 0.047 |
| Use of antibioticsb | 2.19 (1.251–3.837) | 0.006 | 1.473 (0.75–2.895) | 0.262 | 2.068 (0.742–5.764) | 0.165 |
| LMWH | ||||||
| No (reference) | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Low dose | 0.488 (0.321–0.741) | 7.57 × 10 − 4 | 0.637 (0.376–1.079) | 0.094 | 0.171 (0.085–0.346) | 4.55 × 10 − 7 |
| High dose | 0.47 (0.292–0.757) | 0.002 | 0.361 (0.183–0.712) | 0.003 | 0.303 (0.152–0.603) | 6.78 × 10 − 4 |
| Steroid | 0.995 (0.989–1.002) | 0.168 | 0.99 (0.981–0.999) | 0.031 | 0.992 (0.98–1.004) | 0.206 |
Significant p values (<0.05) are highlighted in bold
aAt admission
bAt least 1 day of treatment during hospitalization