TABLE 1.
Pre‐ and post‐implementation cohort characteristics by age group
| Older adult (≥65 years) | Middle‐aged (46–64 years) | Young (21–45 years) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N = 2281 | N = 3862 | N = 2331 | ||||
| Patient characteristics | Pre | Post | Pre | Post | Pre | Post |
| N = 978 | N = 1303 | N = 1730 | N = 2132 | N = 1005 | N = 1326 | |
| n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | |
| Age—median (IQR) | 73.5 (11.8) | 73 (11.0) | 55 (9.0) | 54 (9.0) | 39 (10.0) | 39 (8.0) |
| Female | 542 (55.4) | 743 (57.0) | 886 (51.2) | 1121 (53.6) | 537 (53.4) | 712 (53.7) |
| Race | ||||||
| White | 779 (79.7) | 1006 (77.2) | 1098 (63.5) | 1331 (62.4) | 607 (60.4) | 796 (58.0) |
| Non‐White | 199 (20.3) | 297 (22.8) | 632 (36.5) | 801 (37.6) | 398 (39.6) | 557 (42.0) |
| Ethnicity | ||||||
| Hispanic or Latino | 16 (1.6) | 34 (2.6) | 57 (3.3) | 93 (4.4) | 61 (6.1) | 103 (7.8) |
| Site | ||||||
| WFBMC | 724 (74.0) | 1008 (77.4) | 1273 (73.6) | 1722 (80.8) | 723 (71.9) | 955 (72.0) |
| DMC | 86 (8.8) | 130 (10.0) | 186 (10.8) | 194 (9.1) | 124 (12.3) | 188 (14.2) |
| LMC | 168 (17.2) | 165 (12.7) | 271 (15.7) | 216 (10.1) | 158 (15.7) | 183 (13.8) |
| Insurance status | ||||||
| Blue cross | 154 (15.7) | 125 (9.6) | 442 (25.5) | 539 (25.3) | 194 (19.3) | 306 (23.1) |
| MedCost | 11 (1.1) | 13 (1.0) | 123 (7.1) | 167 (7.8) | 75 (7.5) | 106 (8.0) |
| Medicaid | 12 (1.2) | 18 (1.4) | 262 (15.1) | 378 (17.7) | 231 (23.0) | 291 (21.9) |
| Medicare | 741 (75.8) | 1088 (83.5) | 359 (20.8) | 423 (19.8) | 89 (8.9) | 106 (8.0) |
| Other insurance | 31 (3.2) | 38 (2.9) | 192 (11.1) | 244 (11.4) | 98 (9.8) | 131 (9.9) |
| Self‐pay | 29 (3.0) | 21 (1.6) | 352 (20.3) | 381 (17.9) | 318 (31.6) | 386 (29.1) |
| Risk factors | ||||||
| Prior CAD | 496 (50.7) | 647 (49.7) | 453 (26.2) | 529 (24.8) | 87 (8.7) | 104 (7.8) |
| Diabetes | 367 (37.5) | 485 (37.2) | 508 (29.4) | 615 (28.8) | 156 (15.5) | 190 (14.3) |
| Hyperlipidemia | 620 (63.4) | 858 (65.8) | 749 (43.3) | 900 (42.2) | 159 (15.8) | 235 (17.7) |
| Hypertension | 833 (85.2) | 1101 (84.5) | 1183 (68.4) | 1387 (65.1) | 390 (38.8) | 498 (37.6) |
| Smoking | 587 (60.0) | 731 (56.1) | 1146 (66.2) | 1346 (63.1) | 623 (62.0) | 801 (60.4) |
| BMI ≥30 kg/m2 | 332 (33.9) | 452 (34.7) | 845 (48.8) | 1065 (50.0) | 517 (51.4) | 678 (51.1) |
| PVD | 243 (24.8) | 358 (27.5) | 172 (9.9) | 220 (10.3) | 35 (3.5) | 57 (4.3) |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 248 (25.4) | 308 (23.6) | 166 (9.6) | 226 (10.6) | 42 (4.2) | 60 (4.5) |
| Comorbidities | ||||||
| COPD | 368 (37.6) | 526 (40.4) | 556 (32.1) | 689 (32.3) | 249 (24.8) | 328 (24.7) |
| Cancer | 314 (32.1) | 383 (29.4) | 209 (12.1) | 295 (13.8) | 47 (4.7) | 68 (5.1) |
| CKD | 229 (23.4) | 321 (24.6) | 140 (8.1) | 195 (9.1) | 47 (4.7) | 60 (4.5) |
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; CAD, coronary artery disease; CKD, chronic kidney disease; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; DMC, Davie Medical Center; IQR, interquartile range; LMC, Lexington Medical Center; PVD, peripheral vascular disease; WFBMC, Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center.