Table 4.

HLM analyses demonstrating relations between aspects of napping and nocturnal sleep

	Bedtime			Wake time†			Sleep duration
Predictor	b	SEa	t	b	SEa	t	b	SEa	t
Nap occurrence	−0.12	0.06	−2.02*	−0.15	0.06	−2.31*	12.07	4.93	2.45*
“Other” living situationb	−0.01	0.52	−0.03	−0.38	0.47	−0.80	3.57	27.96	0.13
Living with parentsb	−0.54	0.13	−4.22***	−0.73	0.12	−6.27***	−1.40	6.88	−0.20
Living in off-Campus apartmentb	−0.41	0.15	−2.74**	−0.32	0.14	−2.31*	0.31	8.20	0.04
Racec	0.29	0.09	2.97**	0.02	0.09	0.21	−14.35	5.30	−2.71**
Ethnicityd	−0.13	0.13	−1.00	−0.14	0.12	−1.17	−3.95	7.12	−0.55
Income	0.01	0.04	0.45	0.06	0.03	1.74	1.93	1.89	1.02
Nap start time	0.06	0.02	3.29***	0.02	0.02	0.89	−4.47	1.43	−3.13**
“Other” living situationb	−1.00	0.63	−1.58	−0.59	0.65	−0.90	3.34	42.03	0.08
Living with parentsb	−0.31	0.21	−1.50	−0.79	0.21	−3.71***	−13.83	13.13	−1.05
Living in off-campus apartmentb	−0.41	0.26	−1.60	−0.39	0.26	−1.45	−1.21	16.16	−0.08
Racec	0.29	0.15	1.86	−0.19	0.16	−1.23	−22.19	9.80	−2.27*
Ethnicityd	−0.08	0.20	−0.41	−0.30	0.21	−1.46	−8.90	12.61	−0.71
Income	−0.01	0.05	−0.13	0.03	0.06	0.62	1.36	3.42	0.40
Nap duration	0.00	0.00	2.65**	0.00	0.00	3.13**	−0.04	0.04	−1.06
“Other” living situationb	−0.01	0.53	−0.19	−.038	0.47	−0.79	2.43	28.13	0.09
Living with parentsb	−0.55	0.13	−4.27***	−0.74	0.12	−6.38***	−1.36	6.92	−0.20
Living in off-campus apartmentb	−0.42	0.15	−2.77**	−0.32	0.14	−2.30*	0.46	8.24	0.06
Racec	0.29	0.10	2.96**	0.01	0.90	0.12	−14.52	5.33	−2.72**
Ethnicityd	0.12	0.13	0.92	−0.14	0.12	−1.14	−4.73	7.16	−0.67
Income	0.02	0.04	0.49	0.06	0.32	1.72	1.95	1.90	1.02

^*p<.05

^**p<.01

^***p<.001

^aStandard error

^bReference group=Living in a residential hall

^cReference group=White students

^dReference group=Non-Hispanic students

^†Wake time reflects the following day participants woke up