Figure - PMC

Skip to main content

An official website of the United States government

Here's how you know

Here's how you know

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

View full-text article in PMC

. 2022 Aug 15;12:13818. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-17548-7

Search in PMC
Search in PubMed
View in NLM Catalog
Add to search

© The Author(s) 2022

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

PMC Copyright notice

Evaluation of muscle mass and contractile force in myotubes treated with cancer cell-conditioned medium. Cancer cachexia-induced atrophic myotubes were evaluated by their diameter, myosin heavy chain (MHC) expression levels, and “force index,” an index of contractile force. Myotubes were treated with a differentiation medium containing 50% (v/v) of the conditioned medium of Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) on the 3rd day of differentiation and cultured for 4 days. Control cells were treated with a differentiation medium containing 50% (v/v) of the conditioned medium of myotubes (Control). (a) Control- and LLC- conditioned medium treated myotubes cultured on the substrate. Scale bar is 50 µm. (b) Diameter of LLC- conditioned medium treated myotubes. The myotube diameter treated LLC- conditioned medium was lower than that of the control. N = 6 (N represents an independent experiment; each “N” shows the average value from all myotubes of 5 random fields on the same substrate). (c) Representative blots of MHC I, MHC II, and Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), and quantification of the proteins on western blots. The MHC I protein expression level of LLC- conditioned medium treated myotubes was lower than that of the control. However, no significant change in MHC II was observed. Blots are cropped original images of MHC I, MHC II, and GAPDH. Original images are presented in Supplementary Fig. 4. N = 6. (d) Force index as an index of contractile force. The myotubes were stimulated by an electrical pulse (20 mA, 20 ms duration, 980 ms intervals, 1 Hz). The force index of LLC- conditioned medium treated myotubes was significantly lower than that of control. N = 6 (N represents an independent experiment; each “N” shows the average value from 12 areas on the same substrate). Data are shown as mean ± S.E.M., *P < 0.05, vs. control (student’s t-test).