Table 2.
Qualitative description of measure sets identified from the grey literature summarising evidence of validation, and categorisation of measure sets according to domains and dimensions of quality
| Measurement collection | Items (n) | Description of measure | Domains | Dimensions | Validation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dental Quality and Outcomes Framework45 | 15 | Measures of patient satisfaction of their dental state and dental practice, clinical effectiveness and patient safety | Process, Outcomes | Safety Effectiveness Patient-centredness Timeliness |
Not reported |
| NICE oral health in care home46 | 9 | Measure of the oral health needs of nursing and care home residents and the provision of care | Structure, Process, Outcome | Patient-centredness Effectiveness Equity |
Not reported |
| NICE oral health promotion in the community47 | 15 | Measures of access to health-promotion resources within the community | Structure, Process, Outcome | Patient-centredness Effectiveness Equity |
Not reported |
| Dental Assurance Framework Policy48 | 12 | Claim data-based assessment of provision of fluoride varnish, sealants and radiographs, rate of extractions, endodontics, patient reattendance and patient satisfaction | Process, Outcomes |
Effectiveness Patient-Centredness Timeliness |
Not reported |
| Dental Quality Alliance Adult Measures49 | 3 | Process indicators of the evaluation and ongoing care of patients with periodontitis and provision of topical fluoride in patients with elevated risk | Process | Effectiveness | Face validity gained through consensus of members. Data element and convergent validity testing undertaken |
| Dental Quality Alliance Paediatric measures50 | 12 | Measures of the utilisation of services; provision of sealants, fluoride, prevention, treatment; continuity of care; emergency department visits and follow-up cost | Process, Outcomes | Effectiveness | RAND-UCLA method used to gain consensus of face validity of measure concept. Data element collection validity assessed using Kappa statistics |
| Dental Quality alliance Electronic Paediatric measures51 | 2 | Measures of utilisation of preventive and treatment services | Process | Effectiveness | Face validity gained through consensus of members. Data element and convergent validity testing undertaken |
| Child and adolescent Health Measurement Initiative National Survey of Children’s Health52 | 3 | US national survey. Measures of utilisation of treatment services, preventive services and presence of toothache, bleeding gums, decay and cavities | Process, Outcomes | Effectiveness | Not reported |
| Child and adolescent Health Measurement Initiative National Survey of Children with Special Health Care Needs, 2009/201053 | 2 | US national survey, assessment of need and utilisation of preventive services | Process | Effectiveness | Not reported |
| National Network for Oral Health Access Dental Dashboard54 | 15 | Practice based dashboard to measure caries at recall, risk assessment, provision of sealants, topical fluoride, self-management goal setting and review, completion of treatment plans, recall rates, recommendations, and practice finances | Structure, process and outcome | Effectiveness Efficiency Patient-centredness |
Not reported |
| Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality Patient Experience Measures for the CAHPS® Dental Plan Survey55 | 21 | National patient survey to assess patient’s assessment of care from dentist and staff, access to dental care, dental plan costs and services and patient satisfaction | Outcomes | Patient-centredness Timeliness |
Not reported |
| Australian Council on Healthcare Standards56 | 13 | Measures of use of radiographs in new patients, retreatment rates, extraction of deciduous teeth, complications following extractions | Process, Outcomes | Effectiveness | Not reported |
| California Department of Health Care Services57 | 15 | Measures of the use of preventive services, sealants, fluoride varnish, treatment services, continuity of care | Process | Effectiveness | Not reported |
| Indian Health Service58 | 3 | Measure of receipt of topical fluoride dental sealants and access to oral health care | Process, Structure | Effectiveness | Not reported |
| HRSA HIV/AIDS bureau performance measures59 | 5 | Measures of provision of oral health education, periodontal screening, treatment planning and completion and taking dental and medical history in patients with HIV | Process | Effectiveness | Not reported |
| HRSA Oral Health Quality Improvement initiative60 | 9 | Treatment plan completion, use of services, provision of oral health education, sealants, fluoride, periodontal screening | Process | Effectiveness | Not reported |
| Q-METRIC61 | 1 | Measure of availability of services | Structure | Effectiveness | Not reported |
| CMS-146 Measures62 | 7 | Measures of use of dental services, preventive services, treatment services, sealant | Process | Effectiveness | Not reported |
| MCH Title V National Performance Measure for Oral Health Summary63 | 3 | Measure of percentages of: children with decay/cavities, pregnant women receiving dental care and children receiving preventive dental care | Process | Effectiveness | Not reported |
| Oral Health Disparities Collaborative Pilot Measures64 | 17 | Measures of rates of perinatal and early childhood caries, treatment plan construction and completion, paediatric dental examination and treatment plan. Fluoride varnish application, continuity of care and fluoride assessment | Process | Effectiveness Timeliness |
Not reported |
| Permanente dental associates65 | 32 | Measures of use of fluoride, sealants, clinical incidents, examination rate, continuity of care, specialist care referral, percentage of specialty care completed by general dentist | Process, Outcomes | Effectiveness Patient-centredness Safety Efficiency |
Not reported |
| NCQA 2017 State of Health Care Quality HEDIS measure annual dental visits66 | 1 | Measure of Medicaid members who attended for a dental visit | Process | Effectiveness | Not reported |
| Denplan Excel Patient Survey67 | 12 | Patient-reported outcome measures of satisfaction with their dental health and satisfaction with their dental care provision | Outcomes | Patient-centredness | Not reported |
| Denplan Excel Quality programme68 | 129 | 122 Checklist-style questions, rating of aspects of the structures and processes of dental care delivery against quality standards. Seven percentage measures of process | Structure, Process | Safety Effectiveness Efficiency |
Not reported |
Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems, CAHPS; Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services, CMS-146; the Healthcare Effectiveness Data and Information Set, HEDIS; Health Resources & Services Administration, HRSA; Maternal and Child Health, MCH; National Committee for Quality Assurance, NCQA; National Institute for Health and Care Excellence, NICE; Quality Measurement, Evaluation, Testing, Review and Implementation Consortium, Q-METRIC.