Table 5.

Multiple variable regression models for DMFT, decayed teeth, missing teeth and filled teeth with putative confounding variables, added sugar, total carbohydrate and total sugars

Covariate	DMFT	95% CI	P-value	Decayed teeth	95% CI	P-value	Missing teeth	95% CI	P-value	Filled teeth	95% CI	P-value
Model 1*
BMI overweight/obese	1.02	0.97–1.07	0.474	1.01	0.67–1.54	0.949	1.03	0.94–1.13	0.536	1.014	0.94–1.09	0.714
Added sugar	1.0002	0.999–1.004	0.145	1.01	1.00–1.02	< 0.05	1.01	1.00–1.01	< 0.001	0.999	0.996–1.003	0.744
Age
45–60	1.91	1.78–2.05	< 0.001	0.7	0.48–1.03	0.076	4.84	4.00–5.85	< 0.001	2.26	2.05–2.49	< 0.001
> 60	2.27	2.13–2.42	< 0.001	0.77	0.5–1.18	0.228	8.46	6.95–10.31	< 0.001	2.11	1.91–2.34	< 0.001
Sex
Female	1.08	1.03–1.14	< 0.05	0.97	0.71–1.34	0.868	1.11	1.01–1.22	< 0.05	1.05	0.97–1.14	0.169
Education
Trade	1.04	0.98–1.11	0.189	1.01	0.68–1.5	0.957	0.93	0.84–1.02	0.142	1.12	1.03–1.23	< 0.05
Degree	1.01	0.96–1.07	0.71	0.67	0.44–1.03	0.068	0.74	0.66–0.83	< 0.001	1.15	1.06–1.25	< 0.001
Smoker
Previous	0.98	0.9–1.06	0.617	0.52	0.32–0.86	< 0.05	0.99	0.84–1.16	0.88	1.083	0.96–1.22	0.1821
Never	0.92	0.85–1	0.062	0.37	0.25–0.54	< 0.001	0.89	0.76–1.04	0.151	1.055	0.94–1.19	0.3765
Visit for problem	1.13	1.07–1.19	< 0.001	2.06	1.46–2.91	< 0.001	1.15	1.05–1.26	< 0.05	1.114	1.03–1.20	< 0.05
Model 2†
BMI overweight/obese	1.02	0.97–1.08	0.371	1.07	0.72–1.58	0.747	1.04	0.94–1.14	0.479	1.00	0.94–1.09	0.641
Total carbohydrate	1.0002	0.999–1.001	0.216	1.002	1.001–1.003	< 0.001	1.001	1.0003–1.001	< 0.05	1.000	0.999–1.001	0.865
Age
45–60	1.91	1.78–2.05	< 0.001	0.72	0.49–1.06	0.099	4.80	3.96–5.82	< 0.001	2.268	2.05–2.50	< 0.001
> 60	2.26	2.12–2.41	< 0.001	0.77	0.50–1.19	0.238	8.32	6.83–10.15	< 0.001	2.123	1.92–2.35	< 0.001
Sex
Female	1.09	1.03–1.14	< 0.05	1.00	0.72–1.37	0.978	1.10	1.00–1.21	< 0.05	1.06	0.98–1.14	0.147
Education
Trade	1.04	0.98–1.11	0.168	0.97	0.66–1.43	0.867	0.92	0.84–1.02	0.13	1.12	1.03–1.23	< 0.05
Degree	1.01	0.95–1.06	0.803	0.67	0.44–1.03	0.07	0.74	0.66–0.83	< 0.001	1.15	1.06–1.25	< 0.001
Smoker
Previous	0.98	0.9–1.06	0.568	0.53	0.34–0.85	< 0.05	0.99	0.84–1.16	0.874	1.079	0.96–1.22	0.210
Never	0.92	0.84–1.00	0.064	0.37	0.25–0.53	< 0.001	0.88	0.75–1.04	0.138	1.053	0.93–1.19	0.410
Visit for problem	1.13	1.07–1.19	< 0.001	2.04	1.44–2.90	< 0.001	1.15	1.05–1.26	< 0.05	1.11	1.03–1.19	< 0.05
Model 3‡
BMI overweight/obese	1.02	0.97–1.08	0.398	1.05	0.70–1.56	0.828	1.03	0.94–1.14	0.504	1.02	0.94–1.09	0.646
Total sugar	1.0003	0.99–1.00	0.254	1.003	1.001–1.003	< 0.001	1.001	1.0004–1.002	< 0.05	0.999	0.999–1.001	0.659
Age
45–60	1.91	1.78–2.05	< 0.001	0.72	0.49–1.06	0.097	4.82	3.98–5.85	< 0.001	2.26	2.05–2.50	< 0.001
> 60	2.26	2.12–2.41	< 0.001	0.78	0.51–1.20	0.263	8.37	6.87–10.21	< 0.001	2.12	1.91–2.35	< 0.001
Sex
Female	1.09	1.03–1.14	< 0.05	0.99	0.72–1.36	0.934	1.10	1.00–1.21	< 0.05	1.06	0.98–1.14	0.149
Education
Trade	1.05	0.98–1.11	0.161	0.99	0.67–1.46	0.946	0.93	0.84–1.02	0.138	1.13	1.03–1.23	< 0.05
Degree	1.01	0.95–1.06	0.802	0.68	0.44–1.04	0.075	0.74	0.66–0.83	< 0.001	1.15	1.06–1.25	< 0.05
Smoker
Previous	0.98	0.90–1.06	0.597	0.53	0.33–0.86	< 0.05	0.99	0.84–1.17	0.949	1.08	0.96–1.21	0.215
Never	0.92	0.85–1.00	0.066	0.37	0.25–0.54	< 0.001	0.89	0.76–1.05	0.166	1.05	0.93–1.19	0.411
Visit for problem	1.13	1.07–1.19	< 0.001	2.05	1.45–2.9	< 0.001	1.15	1.05–1.26	< 0.05	1.11	1.03–1.20	< 0.05

^*Model 1: the association of added sugar, putative confounders in relation to DMFT and decayed, missing and filled teeth.

^†Model 2: the association of total carbohydrate, putative confounders in relation to DMFT and decayed, missing and filled teeth.

^‡Model 3: the association of total sugar, putative confounders in relation to DMFT and decayed, missing and filled teeth.

BMI, body mass index; CI, confidence interval; DMFT, Decayed Missing Filled Teeth.