Table 2.
Demographic characteristics according to presence of dental caries
| Variable | Division | Dental caries |
P-value† | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yes (DT ≥ 1) | No (DT = 0) | |||
| All | 3,404 (30.8) | 8,328 (69.2) | ||
| Age (years) | 43.3 ± 0.369 | 45.3 ± 0.267 | <0.001*** | |
| Sex | Male | 1,768 (34.8) | 3,561 (65.2) | <0.001*** |
| Female | 1,636 (26.4) | 4,767 (73.6) | ||
| Household income | Low | 677 (36.3) | 1,352 (63.7) | <0.001*** |
| Middle-low | 941 (34.2) | 2,088 (65.8) | ||
| Middle-high | 937 (29.7) | 2,403 (70.3) | ||
| High | 849 (26.5) | 2,485 (73.5) | ||
| Education | ≤Elementary school | 653 (32.5) | 1,442 (67.5) | <0.001*** |
| Middle school | 372 (30.0) | 964 (70.0) | ||
| High school | 1,127 (34.2) | 2,440 (65.8) | ||
| ≥University or College | 1,252 (28.2) | 3,482 (71.8) | ||
| Smoking | Yes | 976 (42.9) | 1,448 (57.1) | <0.001*** |
| No | 2,428 (26.8) | 6,880 (73.2) | ||
| Alcohol consumption | <1 alcoholic drink per month | 1,254 (28.7) | 3,341 (71.3) | 0.001** |
| ≥1 alcoholic drink per month | 2,150 (31.9) | 4,987 (68.1) | ||
| Frequency of toothbrushing per day | ≤1 | 466 (37.4) | 912 (62.6) | <0.001*** |
| 2 | 1,360 (32.4) | 3,089 (67.6) | ||
| ≥3 | 1,578 (28.2) | 4,327 (71.8) | ||
| Use of oral health-care product | Yes | 1,480 (26.6) | 4,508 (73.4) | <0.001*** |
| No | 1,924 (35.2) | 3,820 (64.8) | ||
| Annual professional oral examination | Yes | 722 (23.0) | 2,708 (77.0) | <0.001*** |
| No | 2,682 (34.0) | 5,620 (66.0) | ||
| Orthodontic treatment | Yes | 144 (21.5) | 533 (78.5) | <0.001*** |
| No | 3,260 (31.5) | 7,795 (68.5) | ||
Values are given as n (%) or mean ± SE, standard error.
DT, decayed teeth.
**
P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001; †P-value calculated using complex samples t-test and chi-squared test.