Table 7.

Results of mixed-model analysis for each biomarker.

Biomarkera	Sourceb	df	df (residual)	F-value	p-valuec
BDNF	Timepoint	3	105	4.3	0.0064**
	Severity	1	50	0.41	0.53
	Timepoint * Severity	3	105	0.76	0.52
IL-6	Timepoint	3	112	3.1	0.030*
	Severity	1	48	0.0073	0.93
	Timepoint * Severity	3	111	0.41	0.75
VEGF	Timepoint	3	99	6.3	0.00061***
	Severity	1	51	2.9	0.096
	Timepoint *Severity	3	100	4.7	0.0043**
GFAP	Timepoint	3	103	3.6	0.016*
	Severity	1	51	0.35	0.56
	Timepoint * Severity	3	103	0.11	0.96
NRGN	Timepoint	3	104	1.3	0.30
	Severity	1	50	0.35	0.56
	Timepoint * Severity	3	104	0.47	0.71
IL-10	Timepoint	3	95	20	5.9 ×10−10***
	Severity	1	35	15	0.00041***
	Timepoint *Severity	3	94	18	1.7 ×10−9***
IL-8	Timepoint	3	87	1.9	0.13
	Severity	1	39	0.30	0.59
	Timepoint * Severity	3	85	0.17	0.92
Tau	Timepoint	3	100	1.2	0.33
	Severity	1	46	6.6	0.014*
	Timepoint * Severity	3	100	2.0	0.12

^aBiomarkers with significant differences between the severe and mild groups are made bold.

Severity is a binary variable of severity grouping (mild/severe) based on the cDTI score.

^bTimepoint * Severity cells shows interactions of timepoint and severity variables.

^c*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, and ***p < 0.001.