Table 1.
distribution of demographic and clinical characteristics of the participants based on hypertension status
| Normotensive | Undiagnosed | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Variables | (n, 203) | Hypertension (n,78) | p-value |
| Age (years) | 32.8 ± 3.72 | 38.9 ± 7.36 | 0.000m |
| Gender | 1.67x | ||
| Male | 109 (53.7) | 49(62.8) | |
| Female | 94 (46.3) | 29(37.2) | |
| Height (m) | 1.69 ± 0.07 | 1.73 ± 0.08 | 0.000m |
| Weight (kg) | 63.4 ± 14.82 | 76.1 ± 15.42 | 0.000m |
| Work experience (years) | 7.9 ± 3.92 | 7.4 ± 2.49 | 0.031m |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 0.000x | ||
| Under-weight | 85(41.9%) | 13(16.7%) | |
| Normal weight | 35(17.2% | 14(17.9%) | |
| Over-weight | 50(24.6%) | 34(44.9%) | |
| Obese | 33(16.3%) | 16(20.5%) | |
| Job cadre | 0.001x | ||
| Academic staff | 96(47.3%) | 24(30.8%) | |
| Non-academic staff | 107(52.7%) | 54(69.2%) | |
| Smoking status | 0.146x | ||
| Yes | 21(10.3%) | 13(16.7%) | |
| No | 182(89.7%) | 65(83.3%) | |
| Family history | 0.000x | ||
| Yes | 144(70.9%) | 37(47.4%) | |
| No | 59(29.1%) | 41(52.6%) | |
| Marital status | 0.000x | ||
| Single | 141(69.5%) | 0(0%) | |
| Married | 62(30.5%) | 78(100%) | |
| Widowed/divorced | 0(0%) | 0(0%) | |
| Educational attainment | 0.000x | ||
| Secondary | 4(2%) | 13(16.7%) | |
| Diploma (sub-degree) | 91(44.9%) | 26(33.3%) | |
| Bachelor's degree | 1(0.5%) | 15(19.2%) | |
| Master's degree | 99(48.8%) | 16(20.5%) | |
| Doctorate degree | 8(3.9%) | 8(10.3%) | |
| Socioeconomic status | 0.013x | ||
| Low | 21(10.3%) | 7(9%) | |
| Moderate | 169(83.3%) | 57(73.1%) | |
| High | 13(6.4%) | 14(17.9%) | |
| Physical activity level | 0.000x | ||
| Physically active | 133(65.5%) | 14(17.9%) | |
| Sedentary | 70(34.5%) | 64(82.1%) | |
Notes: data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation for continuous variables and as absolute frequency and percentages for categorical variables; key: m: meters; kg: kilogram; n: number; *significant at 0.05 alpha level (bolded); m=Mann Whitney U for comparison of independent samples: comparison of continuous non-normally distributed variables between normotensives and participants with undiagnosed hypertension; x =Chi square test: comparison of categorical variables between participants with undiagnosed hypertension and normotensives