Protective effects of NMN on LPS-induced acute lung injury and the underlying mechanism. When LPS was administrated to C57BL/6J mice induced the production of a large amount of ROS. Meanwhile, pretreatment with NMN increased the levels of NAD+, up-regulated SIRT1 expression, improved mitochondrial morphology and dysfunction, accompanied by inducing mitonuclear protein imbalance and activating the mitochondrial unfolded protein response in endotoxemia mice. Thus, NMN administration might be an effective strategy for preventing endotoxemia-induced lung injury. (A color version of this figure is available in the online journal.)