Table 2.
The patients’ characteristics in subjects with MAFLD-related Profiles 1
| Profile 1 ≥ 50 years old, less than 60 pack-years, and MAFLD | ||
|---|---|---|
| Median (IQR) | Range (min–max) | |
| Number | 45.2% (923/2041) | N/A |
| Age | 60 (55–65) | 50–85 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 25.1 (23.6–26.8) | 15.7–36.8 |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 90 (86.5–95) | 69.5–123 |
| Visceral adiposity (Presence/Absence) | 53.6%/46.4% (495/428) | N/A |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 126 (118–134) | 84–197 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 80 (72–86) | 50–118 |
| Type 2 diabetes mellitus (Presence/Absence) | 12.2%/87.8% (113/810) | N/A |
| Hypertension (Presence/Absence) | 52.0%/48.9% (471/452) | N/A |
| Hypertriglyceridemia (Presence/Absence) | 45.0%/55.0% (416/507) | N/A |
| Depressed HDL-cholesterol (Presence/Absence) | 12.2%/87.8% (113/810) | N/A |
| Alcohol intake habit (None/Yes) | 30.0%/70.0% (277/646) | N/A |
| Dairy alcohol consumption (None/1–19 g/20–39 g/40–59 g) | 30.0%/23.4%/32.9%/13.7% (277/216/304/126) | N/A |
| Presence or past smoking habit (Yes/No) | 76.5%/23.5% (706/217) | N/A |
| Pack years (sum of past and present) | 20 (0.8–34.5) | 0–58.8 |
| Pack year ≥ 60 (Yes/No) | 10.5%/89.5% (44/376) | N/A |
| Pulmonary functions | ||
| %VC | 105.4 (96.3–114.9) | 50.1–151.4 |
| FEV1% | 76.9 (72.3–80.5) | 48.4–90.5 |
| %FEV1 | 92.7 (83.2–101.6) | 43.6–151.2 |
| Prevalence of COPD (Presence/Absence) | 25.8%/74.2% (238/685) | N/A |
| Biochemical examinations | ||
| Red blood cell count (× 104/µL) | 487 (461–509) | 370–603 |
| Hemoglobin (g/dL) | 15.1 (14.4–15.8) | 8.9–19.1 |
| Hematocrit (%) | 44.3 (42.3–46.2) | 30.1–75.9 |
| White blood cell count (/µL) | 5500 (4800–6700) | 2,200–15,400 |
| Platelet count (× 104/µL) | 22.2 (18.9–25.2) | 8.8–75.9 |
| AST (U/L) | 23 (19–28) | 12–154 |
| ALT (U/L) | 26 (19–35) | 6–290 |
| Lactate dehydrogenase (U/L) | 167 (151–187) | 56–330 |
| ALP (U/L) | 207 (174–250) | 73–1409 |
| GGT (U/L) | 38 (27–62) | 12–609 |
| Total protein (g/dL) | 7.2 (6.9–7.4) | 6.0–8.4 |
| Cholinesterase (U/L) | 360 (322–396) | 180–641 |
| Albumin (g/dL) | 4.4 (4.3–4.6) | 3.4–5.1 |
| Total bilirubin (mg/dL) | 0.8 (0.6–1.0) | 0.2–3.0 |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 205(186–227) | 122–313 |
| HDL-cholesterol (mg/dL) | 51 (44–60) | 26–123 |
| LDL-cholesterol (mg/dL) | 126 (109–147) | 55–225 |
| Triglycerides (mg/dL) | 130 (95–181) | 33–1474 |
| Fasting glucose (mg/dL) | 103 (97–115) | 78–330 |
| HbA1c (%) | 5.9 (5.6–6.2) | 4.3–12.8 |
| CRP (mg/dL) | 0.1 (0.09–0.13) | 0.01–3.99 |
| BUN (mg/dL) | 14.1 (12.2–16.3) | 8.0–37.5 |
| Creatinine (mg/dL) | 0.8 (0.74–0.9) | 0.43–1.7 |
| eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2) | 75.1 (66.6–83.3) | 31.6–149.4 |
| Uric acid (mg/dL) | 6.3 (5.4–7.0) | 0.7–11.0 |
| Sodium (mmol/L) | 141 (140–143) | 134–146 |
| Potassium (mmol/L) | 4.2 (4.0–4.4) | 3.3–5.3 |
| Chloride (mmol/L) | 105 (104–107) | 98–111 |
| CRP/albumin ratio | 0.227 (0.02–0.429) | 0.002–1.05 |
| FIB-4 index | 1.267 (0.966–1.628) | 0.225–6.985 |
COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, MAFLD metabolic associated fatty liver disease, VC vital capacity, HDL-cholesterol high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, FEV forced expiratory volume, FVC forced vital capacity, AST aspartate aminotransferase, ALT alanine aminotransferase, GGT γ-glutamyl transpeptidase, LDL-cholesterol low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, HbA1c hemoglobin A1c, CRP C-reactive protein, BUN blood urea nitrogen, GFR glomerular filtration rate, FIB-4 fibrosis-4