Table 3.
The patients’ characteristics in subjects with MAFLD-related Profiles 2
| Profile 2 < 50 years old and MAFLD | ||
|---|---|---|
| Median (IQR) | Range (min–max) | |
| Number | 37.6% (768/2041) | N/A |
| Age | 43 (39–47) | 21–49 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 25.9 (24.4–28.2) | 18.4–137.5 |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 91.5 (87–97.5) | 71–123.5 |
| Visceral adiposity (Presence/Absence) | 59.0%/41.0% (453/315) | N/A |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 120 (110–128) | 89–190 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 78 (70–84) | 48–134 |
| Type 2 diabetes mellitus (Presence/Absence) | 7.9%/92.1% (61/707) | N/A |
| Hypertension (Presence/Absence) | 36.1%/63.9% (277/491) | N/A |
| Hypertriglyceridemia (Presence/Absence) | 48.9%/51.1% (375/393) | N/A |
| Depressed HDL-cholesterol (Presence/Absence) | 15.8%/84.2% (121/647) | N/A |
| Alcohol intake habit (None/Yes) | 33.4%/66.6% (257/511) | N/A |
| Dairy alcohol consumption (None/1–19 g/20–39 g/40–59 g) | 33.5%/19.9%/29.8%/16.8% (257/153/229/129) | N/A |
| Presence or past smoking habit (Yes/No) | 70.2%/29.8% (539/229) | N/A |
| Pack years (Sum of past and present) | 10 (0–22.5) | 0–100 |
| Pack year ≥ 60 (Yes/No) | 3.5%/96.5% (57/1564) | N/A |
| Pulmonary functions | ||
| %VC | 107.5 (98.0–117.2) | 70.6–155.5 |
| FEV1% | 80.7 (77.0–84.0) | 54.4–98.1 |
| %FEV1 | 93.2 (85.6–101.2) | 48.6–134.4 |
| Prevalence of COPD (Presence/Absence) | 13.6%/86.4% (105/663) | N/A |
| Biochemical examinations | ||
| Red blood cell count (× 104/µL) | 508 (483–531) | 396–657 |
| Hemoglobin (g/dL) | 15.5 (14.8–16.1) | 12.0–18.7 |
| Hematocrit (%) | 45.2 (43.5–46.9) | 36.4–56.2 |
| White blood cell count (/µL) | 6,050 (5100–7000) | 3000–13,600 |
| Platelet count (× 104/µL) | 24.4 (21.5–27.6) | 7.3–51.5 |
| AST (U/L) | 24 (19–30) | 6–164 |
| ALT (U/L) | 34 (24–51) | 8–277 |
| Lactate dehydrogenase (U/L) | 165 (151–182) | 84–431 |
| ALP (U/L) | 209 (182–248) | 73–506 |
| GGT (U/L) | 43 (29–68) | 10–449 |
| Total protein (g/dL) | 7.2 (7.0–7.4) | 5.9–8.4 |
| Cholinesterase (U/L) | 384 (346–427) | 208–613 |
| Albumin (g/dL) | 4.6 (4.4–4.7) | 3.1–5.2 |
| Total bilirubin (mg/dL) | 0.7 (0.6–0.9) | 0.2–3.0 |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 207 (186–229) | 120–357 |
| HDL-cholesterol (mg/dL) | 49 (43–57) | 24–164 |
| LDL-cholesterol (mg/dL) | 131 (114–152) | 54–262 |
| Triglycerides (mg/dL) | 136 (93–201) | 31–1233 |
| Fasting glucose (mg/dL) | 98 (93–104) | 77–312 |
| HbA1c (%) | 5.6 (5.4–5.8) | 4.5–12.6 |
| CRP (mg/dL) | 0.1 (0.08–0.15) | 0.01–3.39 |
| BUN (mg/dL) | 12.8 (11.0–14.9) | 6.5–26.3 |
| Creatinine (mg/dL) | 0.8 (0.73–0.9) | 0.48–2.4 |
| eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2) | 85.1 (76.3–94.1) | 25.3–142.6 |
| Uric acid (mg/dL) | 6.5 (5.6–7.3) | 0.8–11.9 |
| Sodium (mmol/L) | 141 (140–142) | 136–146 |
| Potassium (mmol/L) | 4.2 (4.0–4.3) | 3.3–5.3 |
| Chloride (mmol/L) | 105 (104–107) | 98–110 |
| CRP/Albumin ratio | 0.0222 (0.020–0.032) | 0.002–0.892 |
| FIB-4 index | 0.725 (0.578–0.911) | 0.281–5.214 |
COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, MAFLD metabolic associated fatty liver disease, VC vital capacity, HDL-cholesterol high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, FEV forced expiratory volume, FVC forced vital capacity, AST aspartate aminotransferase, ALT alanine aminotransferase, GGT γ-glutamyl transpeptidase, LDL-cholesterol low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, HbA1c hemoglobin A1c, CRP C-reactive protein, BUN blood urea nitrogen, GFR glomerular filtration rate, FIB-4 fibrosis-4