Table 3.
Synthesis of Results
| Number | Predisposing Characteristics | Enabling Resources | Need | Health Behavior | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographic | Social Structure | Health Beliefs | Personal | Family | Community | Perceived | Evaluated | Personal Health Practices | Use of Health Services | |
| 1. |
Independent variable: age, gender, level of intellectual disability, chronic health problems, mental health diagnoses, polypharmacy |
Independent variable: region |
None | None | None |
Independent variable: supported living arrangement |
None | Dependent variable: hospitalization for a medical/physical reason, hospitalization for a behavioral/psychiatric reason | None |
Dependent variable: ER use for a medical/physical reason, ER use for a behavioral/psychiatric reason |
| 2. |
Independent variable: gender, age |
None | None | None | None |
Independent variable: living arrangement |
None |
Dependent variable: admission to hospital after emergency visit |
None |
Dependent variable: emergency visits |
| 3. |
Independent variable: age, race, sex |
Independent variable: rurality of county |
None | None | None | Independent variable: residential service setting | None |
Dependent variable: subsequent inpatient hospital admission |
None |
Independent variable: years of enrollment, supplemental nutrition assistance dependent variable: primary care visits, ED visits, timing of services |
| 4. |
Independent variable: woman who gave birth, maternal age, race/ethnicity, education, marital status, diseases |
None | None | None | None |
Independent variable: type of health insurance |
None |
Dependent variable: postpartum hospital admissions, nondelivered hospitalizations, observational stays |
None |
Independent variable: adequacy of prenatal care utilization dependent variable: ED visits during three critical postpartum periods (1–42, 43–90, and 1–365 days) |
| 5. |
Independent variable: women who gave birth, maternal age, education, race/ethnicity, marital status, father named on the birth certificate; diseases |
None | None | None | None |
Independent variable: health insurance |
None |
Dependent variable: hospital utilization during pregnancy: observational stays, and non-delivery hospital stays |
Independent variable: smoking during pregnancy |
Independent variable: adequacy of prenatal care utilization dependent variable: hospital utilization during pregnancy: ED visit |
| 6. |
Independent variable: women who gave birth, maternal age, parity, preexisting diseases, diseases during pregnancy |
Independent variable: neighborhood income quintile, region of residence |
None | None | None | None | None |
Dependent variable: postpartum hospital admissions |
None |
Dependent variable: postpartum ED visits |
| 7. |
Independent variable: gender, age |
None | None | None | None |
Independent variable: insurance coverage |
None | None | None |
Dependent variable: hospital encounters |
| 8. |
Dependent variable: predictors of ED use: level of disability, history of involvement with the criminal justice system |
None | None | None | None | Dependent variable: type of residence, crisis plan, family physician, | None | None | None |
Independent variable: persons who visited the ED in response to the first crisis, people who did not visit the ED in response to the first crises dependent variable: history of ED visits |
| 9. |
Independent variable: age, sex |
None | None | None | None | None | None | Dependent variable: hospital admission via ED | None |
Dependent variable: ED visits |
| 10. | Independent variable: stressful life events | None | None | None | None | None | None | None | None | Dependent variable: hospital use |
| 11. | None | None | None | None | None | Independent variable: transitioned from fee-for-service to Medicaid managed care | None | Dependent variable: inpatient hospitalization | None |
Dependent variable: utilization of ED and/or primary care physicians |
| 12. | None | None | None | None | None | None | None | None | None |
Independent variable: level of continuity of primary care dependent variable: ED visits |
| 13. | Independent variable: cause of death | None | None | None | None | None | None | Dependent variable: hospital admissions | None |
Dependent variable: ED visit |
| 14. |
Independent variable: age, gender |
None | None | None | None | None |
Dependent variable: reasons in ED |
Dependent variable: diagnoses in ED, patient’s behaviour while travelling to the hospital |
None | None |