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. 2022 Aug 16;12:13859. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-18075-1

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© The Author(s) 2022

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Flow streamlines developing within CC1 and CC2 imposing a modeled flow rate of 0.3 mL/min and color-coded compared with velocity values. (a) CC1 without construct. (b) CC1 with an inserted construct modelled as porous medium. (c) CC2 without construct. (d) CC2 with an inserted construct modelled as porous medium.