TABLE 1.
Baseline characteristics of the subjects participating in the study.
| Total (N = 255) | Control group (N = 128) | Probiotic group (N = 127) | P between groups | |
| Age (years) | 41.33 ± 11.35 | 41.34 ± 11.57 | 41.32 ± 11.18 | 0.993 |
| Sex | 0.325 | |||
| Men | 42 (16.5%) | 24 (18.7%) | 18 (14.2%) | |
| Women | 213 (83.5%) | 104 (81.3%) | 109 (85.8%) | |
| BMI | 24.69 ± 4.47 | 25.03 ± 4.99 | 24.35 ± 3.87 | 0.225 |
| BMI classification | 0.186 | |||
| Normal weight | 145 (56.9%) | 74 (57.8%) | 71 (55.9%) | |
| Overweight | 74 (29.0%) | 31 (24.2%) | 43 (33.9%) | |
| Obese | 31 (12.2%) | 20 (15.6%) | 11 (8.7%) | |
| Low weight | 5 (2.0%) | 3 (2.3%) | 2 (1.6%) | |
| Smokers | 61 (23.9%) | 36 (28.1%) | 25 (19.7%) | 0.114 |
| Dyslipidaemia | 8 (3.1%) | 4 (3.1%) | 4 (3.1%) | 0.991 |
| Hypertension | 16 (6.3%) | 8 (6.3%) | 8 (6.3%) | 0.987 |
| Diabetes | 9 (3.5%) | 3 (2.3%) | 6 (4.7%) | 0.303 |
| Cardiovascular disease | 5 (3.1%) | 1 (0.8%) | 4 (3.1%) | 0.173 |
| Chronic lung disease | 5 (3.1%) | 4 (3.1%) | 1 (0.8%) | 0.178 |
| Past cancer disease | 4 (1.6%) | 2 (1.6%) | 2 (1.6%) | 0.994 |
| Disease index 1 | 0.27 ± 0.61 | 0.29 ± 0.59 | 0.25 ± 0.62 | 0.558 |
| Risk Factors score 2 | 0.51 ± 0.77 | 0.58 ± 0.80 | 0.45 ± 0.74 | 0.182 |
Values are mean ± SD for continuous variables and n (%) for categorical variables. P indicates differences between the control group and the probiotic group. 1Disease Index included the sum of HTA, T2DM, CVD, Lung diseases, oncology disease in the past and dyslipidemia. 2Risk factors score included disease index + smokers.