Table 3.
Neurological exam results of individuals who participated in balance testing.
| Assessment | Tested, n | Abnormal, n (%) |
|---|---|---|
| Cranial nerve exam | ||
| CN I | 37 | 0 (0.0) |
| CN II | 37 | 2 (5.4) |
| CN III | 37 | 6 (16.2) |
| CN IV | 37 | 5 (13.5) |
| CN V | 35 | 5 (14.2) |
| CN VI | 37 | 2 (5.4) |
| CN VII | 37 | 7 (18.9) |
| CN VIII | 37 | 3 (8.1) |
| CN IX | 37 | 2 (5.4) |
| CN X | 37 | 1 (2.7) |
| CN XI | 37 | 2 (5.4) |
| CN XII | 36 | 0 (0.0) |
| Cerebellar signs | ||
| Dysdiadochokinesia UE | 36 | 8 (22.0) |
| Dysdiadochokinesia LE | 35 | 6 (17.1) |
| Dysmetria UE | 36 | 7 (19.4) |
| Dysmetria LE | 35 | 6 (17.1) |
| Ataxia | 37 | 3 (8.1) |
| Long tract signs | ||
| Clonus UE | 36 | 1 (2.8) |
| Clonus LE | 36 | 9 (2.5) |
| Babinski | 35 | 5 (14.3) |
| Proprioception | 36 | 4 (11.1) |
| Reflexes | ||
| Biceps | 37 | 12 (32.4) |
| Triceps | 37 | 11 (29.7) |
| Achilles | 37 | 10 (27.0) |
| Key muscles | ||
| Hip flexors | 35 | 6 (17.1) |
| Knee extensors | 35 | 8 (22.9) |
| Dorsiflexors Shoulder abductors |
35 35 |
8 (22.9) 10 (28.6) |
| Elbow flexors | 35 | 9 (25.7) |
| Elbow extensors | 35 | 11 (26.8) |
| Wrist extensors | 35 | 10 (28.6) |
| Interosseous muscles | 35 | 11 (31.4) |
| Dermatomes | ||
| Light touch UE | 37 | 6 (16.2) |
| Light touch LE | 37 | 3 (8.1) |
| General movement disorders | ||
| Hemiparesis | 37 | 6 (16.2) |
| Quadriparesis | 37 | 2 (5.4) |
| Spasticity | 35 | 9 (25.7) |
| Hypotonia | 35 | 1 (2.9) |
| Visuospatial neglect | 37 | 1 (2.7) |
| Hemianopia | 32 | 5 (15.6) |
| Visual extinction | 31 | 0 (0.0) |
CN, cranial nerve; LE, lower extremity; UE, upper extremity.