Table 2.
Breastfeeding, maternal health issues, wellbeing scales, and COVID-19 behaviour across surveys (Count (%) or Mean ± SD, Missing)
| Variables | Survey 1 | Survey 2 | Survey 3 | Survey 4 | Survey 5 | Survey 6 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Breastfeeding status | ||||||
| Fully breastfeeding | 202 (82.1) | 111 (73.5) | 75 (65.8) | 45 (51.1) | 24 (41.4) | 12 (23.1) |
| Partial breastfeeding | 44 (17.9) | 30 (19.9) | 31 (27.2) | 35 (39.8) | 31 (53.4) | 36 (69.2) |
| Missing | NA (NA) | 10 (6.6) | 8 (7) | 8 (9.1) | 3 (5.2) | 4 (7.7) |
| Introduced infant formula | ||||||
| No | 24 (9.8) | 21 (13.9) | 22 (19.3) | 28 (31.8) | 25 (43.1) | 31 (59.6) |
| Yes | 20 (8.1) | 11 (7.3) | 12 (10.5) | 10 (11.4) | 8 (13.8) | 8 (15.4) |
| Not applicable — fully breastfeeding | 202 (82.1) | 119 (78.8) | 80 (70.2) | 50 (56.8) | 25 (43.1) | 13 (25) |
| Introduced complementary food | ||||||
| No | 20 (8.1) | 8 (5.3) | 6 (5.3) | 1 (1.1) | 2 (3.4) | NA (NA) |
| Yes | 24 (9.8) | 24 (15.9) | 28 (24.6) | 37 (42) | 31 (53.4) | 39 (75) |
| Not applicable — fully breastfeeding | 202 (82.1) | 119 (78.8) | 80 (70.2) | 50 (56.8) | 25 (43.1) | 13 (25) |
| Hardship | ||||||
| No | 198 (80.5) | 122 (80.8) | 92 (80.7) | 70 (79.5) | 48 (82.8) | 44 (84.6) |
| Yes | 48 (19.5) | 22 (14.6) | 17 (14.9) | 13 (14.8) | 9 (15.5) | 7 (13.5) |
| Missing | NA (NA) | 7 (4.6) | 5 (4.4) | 5 (5.7) | 1 (1.7) | 1 (1.9) |
| GF6 + FAD score | 9.6 (3.4), 0 | 9.8 (3.4), 4 | 10.1 (3.8), 5 | 10 (3.5), 5 | 9.5 (3.2), 1 | 9.7 (3.7), 0 |
| MHC score | ||||||
| Emotional (score: /15) | 12.6 (2.4), 0 | 12.2 (2.5), 7 | 12 (2.5), 5 | 11.7 (2.8), 5 | 12.1 (2.8), 1 | 12.3 (2.8), 1 |
| Social (score: /25) | 13.4 (5.2), 0 | 13.2 (5.3), 7 | 13.7 (5), 5 | 13.9 (5), 5 | 14.5 (5.9), 1 | 15.4 (5.8), 1 |
| Psychological (score: /30) | 22.6 (5.1), 0 | 21.7 (5.3), 7 | 21.5 (5.2), 5 | 21.9 (5.3), 5 | 21.9 (5.9), 1 | 22.1 (5), 1 |
| MHC categories | ||||||
| Flourishing | 111 (45.1) | 54 (35.8) | 48 (42.1) | 32 (36.4) | 26 (44.8) | 24 (46.2) |
| Languishing | 4 (1.6) | 3 (2) | 1 (0.9) | NA (NA) | 2 (3.4) | NA (NA) |
| Moderately mentally healthy | 131 (53.3) | 87 (57.6) | 60 (52.6) | 51 (58) | 29 (50) | 27 (51.9) |
| Missing | NA (NA) | 7 (4.6) | 5 (4.4) | 5 (5.7) | 1 (1.7) | 1 (1.9) |
| PSS score | ||||||
| Average | 16 (6.4), 0 | 15.6 (6.9), 4 | 15.8 (7.1), 5 | 15.7 (7.6), 4 | 15.8 (7.8), 0 | 14.8 (8), 0 |
| Low (score: 0–13) | 11 (4.5) | 9 (6) | 9 (7.9) | 8 (9.1) | 6 (10.3) | 6 (11.5) |
| Medium (score: 14–26) | 93 (37.8) | 54 (35.8) | 40 (35.1) | 33 (37.5) | 28 (48.3) | 26 (50) |
| High (score: 27–40) | 142 (57.7) | 84 (55.6) | 60 (52.6) | 43 (48.9) | 24 (41.4) | 20 (38.5) |
| PASS score | ||||||
| Average | 21.9 (14.7), 12 | 21.1 (14.7), 10 | 21.4 (15.9), 6 | 21.3 (14.8), 5 | 21.9 (14.7), 12 | 21.1 (14.7), 10 |
| Minimal anxiety symptoms (score: 0–20) | 81 (32.9) | 43 (28.5) | 28 (24.6) | 21 (23.9) | 19 (32.8) | 10 (19.2) |
| Mild‚ moderate anxiety symptoms (score: 21–41) | 130 (52.8) | 85 (56.3) | 66 (57.9) | 52 (59.1) | 32 (55.2) | 36 (69.2) |
| Severe anxiety symptoms (score: 42–93) | 23 (9.3) | 13 (8.6) | 14 (12.3) | 10 (11.4) | 6 (10.3) | 5 (9.6) |
| Missing | 12 (4.9) | 10 (6.6) | 6 (5.3) | 5 (5.7) | 1 (1.7) | 1 (1.9) |
| Employment impacted by COVID | ||||||
| No | 232 (94.7) | 143 (95.3) | 112 (98.2) | 82 (94.3) | 57 (98.3) | 48 (92.3) |
| Yes | 13 (4.6) | 7 (1.7) | 2 (1.8) | 5 (5.7) | 1 (1.7) | 4 (7.7) |
| Missing | 1 (0.4) | 1 (0.7) | NA (NA) | 1 (1.1) | NA (NA) | NA (NA) |
| Work as a healthcare professional | ||||||
| No | 91 (37.0) | 61 (40.4) | 44 (39.2) | 34 (38.6) | 21 (36.2) | 22 (42.3) |
| Yes | 153 (62.2) | 90 (59.6) | 68 (59.6) | 54 (61.4) | 36 (62.1) | 30 (57.7) |
| Missing | 2 (0.8) | NA (NA) | 2 (1.2) | NA (NA) | 1 (1.7) | NA (NA) |
| Employed and on maternity leave | ||||||
| No | 50 (20.3) | 36 (23.8) | 31 (27.2) | 28 (31,8) | 22 (37.9) | 21 (40.4) |
| Yes | 195 (79,3) | 114 (75,5) | 83 (72,8) | 59 (67) | 36 (62,1) | 31 (59.6) |
| Missing | 1 (0.4) | 1 (0.7) | NA (NA) | 1 (1.1) | NA (NA) | NA (NA) |
| Exercise outside of home in the last 7 days | ||||||
| No | 39 (15.9) | 18 (11.9) | 14 (12.3) | 15 (17) | 11 (19) | 9 (17.3) |
| Yes | 207 (88.1) | 132 (87.4) | 100 (87.7) | 73 (83) | 47 (81) | 43 (82.7) |
| Missing | NA (NA) | 1 (0.6) | NA (NA) | NA (NA) | NA (NA) | NA (NA) |
| Avoid contact with someone over 65 years | ||||||
| No | 149 (60.6) | 94 (62.3) | 77 (67.5) | 65 (73.9) | 48 (82.8) | 47 (90.4) |
| Yes | 64 (26) | 40 (26.5) | 25 (21.9) | 14 (15.9) | 4 (6.9) | 2 (3.8) |
| Not applicable | 33 (13.4) | 17 (11.3) | 12 (10.5) | 9 (10.2) | 6 (10.3) | 3 (5.8) |
| Infant in childcare | ||||||
| No | 241 (98) | 148 (98) | 111 (97.4) | 85 (96.6) | 55 (94.8) | 50 (96.2) |
| Yes | 5 (2) | 3 (2) | 3 (2.6) | 3 (3.4) | 3 (5.2) | 2 (3.8) |