Table 2.
Fine & Gray method for proportional hazard models presented as Sub-Distribution Hazard ratios (SHR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the association between allostatic load and cancer death accounting for competing risks of all-cause mortality, among 41,218 NHANES participants with 2,559 cancer-related deaths, and 8,988 competing deaths.
| No. Cancer Deaths (%)a |
No.All-cause Deaths (%)a |
Mean Survival Months (SE)b |
Sub-Distribution Hazard Ratio (SHR) and 95% Confidence Interval (CI) |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Unadjustedb | Model 1b | Model 2b | Model 3b | ||||
| Risk among All Adults (N = 41,218) | |||||||
| Allostatic Load | |||||||
| Low Allostatic Load | 785 (3.02) | 2,315 (7.85) | 359.44 (0.41) | 1.00 (Referent) | 1.00 (Referent) | 1.00 (Referent) | 1.00 (Referent) |
| High Allostatic Load | 1,774 (7.71) | 6,673 (26.84) | 335.45 (0.69) | 2.40 (2.21–2.61) | 1.28 (1.18–1.40) | 1.21 (1.10–1.33) | 1.14 (1.04–1.26) |
| Risk among Non-Hispanic White Adults (N = 19,078) | |||||||
| Allostatic Load | |||||||
| Low Allostatic Load | 453 (3.35) | 1,424 (8.85) | 343.12 (0.65) | 1.00 (Referent) | 1.00 (Referent) | 1.00 (Referent) | 1.00 (Referent) |
| High Allostatic Load | 957 (8.50) | 3,783 (29.48) | 322.45 (1.19) | 2.28 (2.04–2.55) | 1.32 (1.17–1.49) | 1.28 (1.13–1.45) | 1.18 (1.03–1.34) |
| Risk among Non-Hispanic Black Adults (N = 9,095) | |||||||
| Allostatic Load | |||||||
| Low Allostatic Load | 156 (3.26) | 331 (6.43) | 339.69 (0.83) | 1.00 (Referent) | 1.00 (Referent) | 1.00 (Referent) | 1.00 (Referent) |
| High Allostatic Load | 460 (6.92) | 1,500 (22.88) | 326.24 (1.16) | 2.26 (1.88–2.71) | 1.06 (0.87–1.31) | 1.02 (0.83–1.26) | 1.08 (0.87–1.34) |
| Risk among Hispanic Adults (N = 11,399) | |||||||
| Allostatic Load | |||||||
| Low Allostatic Load | 163 (1.68) | 482 (3.84) | 363.41 (0.59) | 1.00 (Referent) | 1.00 (Referent) | 1.00 (Referent) | 1.00 (Referent) |
| High Allostatic Load | 323 (3.84) | 1,221 (14.99) | 344.67 (1.15) | 2.64 (2.18–3.18) | 1.14 (0.93–1.40) | 1.15 (0.93–1.41) | 1.03 (0.84–1.28) |
| p-value for interactionc | 0.29 | 0.33 | 0.27 | 0.37 | |||
Model 1 is adjusted for age.
Model 2 is adjusted for age, time period, and sociodemographic factors including sex, race (only in unstratified analysis), PIR, and education.
Model 3 is adjusted for age, time period, sociodemographic factors, and health factors including current smoker status, having ever diagnosed with cancer, ever diagnosed with congestive heart failure, ever diagnosed with heart attack.
a Percentages are weighted.
b Models are un-weighted.
c Interaction term between race/ethnicity and allostatic load on association with cancer death determined by Wald Chi-Square.