Table 2.
Feature matrix comparing applications and representations used for EHR-driven phenotyping
| Strategy |
Manual |
Common data models |
Formal representations |
Formal logic environments |
Next generation tools |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tool | SQL | OHDSI | i2b2 | HQMF | CDS KAS | Arden Syntax | Drools | KNIME | Phenoflow | PhEMA Workbench | |
| Application | Feature | ||||||||||
| Authoring environment | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ||||
| Testing environment | ✓ | ||||||||||
| Publishing to central repository | ✓ | ||||||||||
| Importing from repository | (manual) | ✓ | |||||||||
| Multiple execution targets | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ||||
| Automated execution | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |||
| No data preparation required | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ||||||
| Representation | Formal standards-based definitions | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | (optional) | (optional) | ✓ | ✓ | |||
| Healthcare standards-based definitions | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | (optional) | (optional) | ✓ | |||||
| Platform-agnostic definitions | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |||
| Human-readable definitions | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ||||||
OHDSI: Observational Health Data Sciences and Informatics; i2b2: Informatics for Integrating Biology & the Bedside; HQMF: Health Quality Measure Format; CDS KAS: Clinical Decision Support Knowledge Artifact Specification; KNIME: Konstanz Information Miner; PhEMA: Phenotype Execution Modeling Architecture.