Table 2. Univariate and Multivariate Mixed-Effects Cox Proportional Hazards Regression Model of Overall Survival for Patients in the Individual-Patient Data Meta-analysis.
| Factor | Univariate HR (95% CI) | P value | Multivariate HR (95% CI) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Older publication year | 1.01 (0.98-1.04) | .54 | NA | NA |
| Older age at diagnosis | 1.00 (0.99-1.01) | .31 | NA | NA |
| Male sex | 1.01 (0.78-1.32) | .92 | NA | NA |
| Extent of resection | ||||
| GTR | 1 [Reference] | 1 [Reference] | ||
| STR | 1.99 (1.45-2.72) | <.001a | 1.91 (1.34-2.74) | <.001a |
| Biopsy | 2.09 (1.48-2.95) | <.001a | 2.10 (1.43-3.07) | <.001a |
| Tumor location | ||||
| Hemispheric | 1 [Reference] | 1 [Reference] | ||
| Midline | 1.93 (1.30-2.85) | .001a | 1.74 (1.16-2.63) | .008a |
| Infratentorial | 2.16 (1.47-3.19) | <.001a | 2.21 (1.48-3.31) | <.001a |
| Tumor histologic grade | ||||
| WHO grade III | 1 [Reference] | NA | NA | |
| WHO grade IV | 1.27 (0.95-1.69) | .11 | NA | NA |
| Adjuvant treatment | ||||
| Radiotherapy with chemotherapy | 1 [Reference] | 1 [Reference] | ||
| Radiotherapy only | 2.01 (1.27-3.17) | .003a | 2.84 (1.67-4.81) | <.001a |
| Chemotherapy only | 0.79 (0.47-1.31) | .35 | 0.77 (0.47-1.28) | .32 |
| None | 3.95 (1.61-9.67) | .003a | 4.93 (2.98-8.16) | <.001a |
Abbreviations: GTR, gross total resection; HR, hazard ratio; NA, not applicable; STR, subtotal resection; WHO, World Health Organization Classification of Tumors of the Central Nervous System.
a
P < .05 indicates statistically significant HR of time to mortality.