Table 2.
Responses of the participants to GHQ-12 Questions.
Have you during the COVID-19 pandemic:
| Statement | Male n (%) | Female n (%) | Total | Chi-square p value |
| Been able to concentrate on what you're doing Better than usual (0) Same as usual (0) Less than usual (1) Much less than usual (1) |
331 (48.4) 119 (48.1) 27 (45.0) 9 (45.0) |
353 (51.6) 127 (51.6) 33 (55.0) 11 (55.0) |
684 (100) 246 (100) 60 (100) 20 (100) |
X2= 0.339 p= 0.593 |
| Lost much sleep over worry Not at all (0) No more than usual (0) Rather more than usual (1) Much more than usual (1) |
79 (49.4) 251 (48.3) 129 (46.9) 27 (49.1) |
81 (50.6) 269 (51.7) 146 (53.1) 28 (50.9) |
160 (100) 520 (100) 275 (100) 55 (100) |
X2= 0.288 p= 0.962 |
| Felt that you're playing a useful part in things More than usual (0) Same as usual (0) Less than usual (1) Much less than usual (1) |
90 (49.2) 239 (48.2) 117 (46.2) 40 (49.4) |
93 (50.8) 257 (51.8) 133 (53.8) 41 (50.6) |
183 (100) 496 (100) 250 (100) 81 (100) |
X2= 0.309 p= 0.958 |
| Felt capable of making decisions about things More than usual (0) Same as usual (0) Less than usual (1) Much less than usual (1) |
114 (47.1) 320 (47.8) 38 (48.1) 14 (70.0) |
128 (52.9) 349 (52.2) 41 (51.9) 6 (30.0) |
242 (100) 669 (100) 79 (100) 20 (100) |
X2=3.957 p=0.266 |
| Felt constantly under strain Not at all (0) No more than usual (0) Rather more than usual (1) Much more than usual (0) |
188 (48.2) 194 (47.4) 78 (49.7) 26 (48.1) |
202 (51.8) 215 (52.6) 79 (50.3) 28 (51.9) |
390 (100) 409 (100) 157 (100) 54 (100) |
X2= 0.232 p= 0.972 |
| Felt you could not overcome your difficulties Not at all (0) No more than usual (0) Rather more than usual (1) Much more than usual (1) |
301 (48.1) 136 (47.9) 36 (51.4) 13 (43.3) |
325 (51.9) 148 (52.1) 34 (48.6) 17 (56.7) |
626 (100) 284 (100) 70 (100) 13 (100) |
X2= 0.589 p= 0.899 |
| Been able to enjoy your normal day to day activities More than usual (0) Same as usual (0) Less than usual (1) Much less than usual (1) |
85 (47.0) 243 (47.6) 135 (48.3) 23 (48.2) |
96 (53.0) 268 (52.4) 126 (51.7) 33 (41.8) |
181 (100) 511 (100) 261 (100) 56 (100) |
X2=2.634 p= 0.451 |
| Been able to face up your problems More than usual (0) Same as usual (0) Less than usual (1) Much less than usual (1) |
103 (47.5) 315 (49.1) 57 (44.9) 11 (44.0) |
114 (52.5) 326 (50.9) 70 (55.1) 14 (56.0) |
217 (100) 641 (100) 127 (100) 25 (100) |
X2= 1.009 p= 0.799 |
| Been feeling unhappy or depressed Not at all (0) No more than usual (0) Rather more than usual (1) Much more than usual (1) |
250 (47.6) 149 (48.9) 57 (43.8) 30 (40.0) |
275 (52.4) 156 (51.1) 73 (56.2) 20 (60.0) |
525 (100) 305 (100) 130 (100) 50 (100) |
X2= 3.896 p= 0.273 |
| Been losing confidence in yourself Not at all (0) No more than usual (0) Rather more than usual (1) Much more than usual (1) |
298 (47.8) 121 (49.6) 49 9 (47.6) 18 (46.2) |
325 (52.2) 123 (50.4) 54 (52.4) 21 (53.8) |
623 (100) 244 (100) 103 (100) 39 (100) |
X2= 0.304 p= 0.959 |
| Been thinking of yourself as a worthless person Not at all (0) No more than usual (0) Rather more than usual (1) Much more than usual (1) |
383 (48.4) 64 9 (47.1) 28 (45.9) 11 (48.1) |
408 (51.6) 72 (52.9) 33 (54.1) 11 (51.9) |
791 (100) 136 (100) 61 (100) 22 (100) |
X2= 0.241 p= 0.971 |
| Been feeling reasonably happy all things considered More than usual (0) Same as usual (0) Less than usual (1) Much less than usual (1) |
105 (49.3) 291 (47.0) 71 (49.7) 19 (54.3) |
108 (50.7) 328 (53.0) 72 (50.3) 16 (45.7) |
213 (100) 619 (100) 143 (100) 35 (100) |
X2= 1.090 p= 0.780 |