TABLE 2.
Clinical differences between patients with and without an amyloid PET scan as part of workup
| Clinical characteristics of patients | Patient with an amyloid PET scan n= 197 | Patients without an amyloid PET scan n= 368 | p |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age in years a (SEM) | 69.57 (±0.42) | 76.04 (±0.49) | <0.001* |
| Male gender, n (%) | 190 (96.4%) | 359 (97.6%) | 0.41 |
| Vascular risk factors, n (%) | |||
| History of stroke | 25 (12.6%) | 45 (12.2%) | 0.90 |
| Hypertension | 129 (65.2%) | 271 (73.8%) | 0.03 |
| Diabetes | 56 (28.3%) | 109 (29.0%) | 0.86 |
| Coronary artery disease | 39 (19.7%) | 98 (26.7%) | 0.06 |
| Psychiatric comorbidity, n (%) | |||
| History of PTSD | 72 (36.4%) | 98 (26.7%) | 0.02 |
| Depression | 74 (37.4%) | 114 (31.0%) | 0.44 |
| Substance abuse | 75 (37.9%) | 127 (34.6%) | 0.12 |
| Any psychiatric disorder or substance disorder present | 120 (60.9%) | 183 (50.0%) | 0.01 |
| Cognitive syndrome | n = 192 | n = 358 | <0.001* |
| Unimpaired | 0 (0%) | 10 (2.8%) | 0.02 |
| SCD | 4 (2.1%) | 28 (7.8%) | 0.01 |
| Mild cognitive impairment | 124 (64.6%) | 184 (51.4%) | <0.005 |
| Dementia | 64 (33.3%) | 136 (38.0%) | 0.28 |
| Suspected primary etiology | n =174 | n =261 | |
| Prior to scan: | After initial evaluation: | ||
| AD | 107 (61.5%) | 112 (42.9%) | <0.001* |
| Non‐AD | 57 (32.8%) | 136 (52.1%) | |
| Unclear diagnosis | 10 (5.7%) | 13 (5.0%) | |
| Met Appropriate Use Criteria | 193/197 (98.0%) | 210/326 (64.4%) | <0.001* |
| MoCA score a (SEM) | 20.29 (±0.35) | 19.88 (±0.25) | 0.33 |
| N | n = 191 | n = 354 | |
| MMSE a (SEM) | 24.48 (±0.28) | 24.33 (±0.20) | 0.65 |
| N | n =195 | n =363 | |
| Cognitive Testing | |||
| CERAD Encoding total a | 13.84 (±0.35) | 14.00 (±0.24) | 0.70 |
| Delayed recall b | 4 (IQR 1‐5) | 3 (IQR 1‐5) | 0.79 |
| Corrected Recognition b | 8 (IQR 7‐10) | 8 (IQR 6‐10) | 0.95 |
| Instances of rapid forgetting b | 0 (0‐2) | 0 (0‐2) | 0.67 |
| Presence of rapid forgetting | 93 (47.7%) | 166 (45.7%) | 0.65 |
| Trail Making Test A, time | 47 (IQR 37‐71) | 54 (IQR 40‐80) | 0.05 |
| Trail Making Test B, time | 114 (IQR 77‐192) | 136 (IQR 90‐216) | 0.049 |
| FAS b | 27 (IQR 21‐35) | 27 (IQR 20‐36) | 0.26 |
| Total Categories b | 29 (IQR 20‐38) | 28 (IQR 21‐35) | 0.60 |
| FAS/CAT b | 0.92 (IQR 0.72‐1.25) | 0.98 (IQR 0.77‐1.30) | 0.12 |
| Boston Naming Test b | 13 (IQR 12‐14) | 13 (IQR 11‐14) | 0.52 |
| Geriatric Depression Scale b | 4 (IQR 2‐7) | 4 (IQR 2‐7) | 0.92 |
| Geriatric Anxiety Inventory b | 4 (IQR 1‐11) | 3.5 (IQR 1‐10) | 0.52 |
| MRI | |||
| Anterior temporal atrophy | 66 (33.3%) | 128 (34.9%) | 0.70 |
| Medial temporal atrophy | 108 (54.5%) | 186 (50.7%) | 0.39 |
| Parietal atrophy | 78 (39.4%) | 141 (38%) | 0.74 |
| Frontal atrophy | 52 (26%) | 97 (26%) | 1.00 |
| Presence small vessel disease | 86 (43.4%) | 175 (47.7%) | 0.32 |
| Lacunar strokes | 12 (6%) | 42 (11.4%) | 0.04 |
| Presence microhemorrhages | 7 (3.5%) | 33 (8.9%) | 0.02 |
Values represent number of patients (%), standard error of the mean (SEM), or medians with interquartile ranges (IQR). All percentages are column percentages rather than row percentages. MoCA= Montreal Cognitive Assessment; MMSE = Mini‐Mental Status Examination;
a
t‐test.
b
Mann‐Whitney U test.
*
Were significant after correcting for multiple comparisons using Bonferroni correction at adjusted cutoff of p < 0.001.