Figure 1.

Timeline of sample collection for longitudinal analysis

(A) The demographics and clinical characteristics of participants. Significant differences (∗p < 0.05) were determined by the Kruskal-Wallis test followed by the Dunn multiple comparison test. F: female, M: male.

(B) Two or more samples were collected individually from a total of 38 convalescent individuals (mild: n = 15, moderate: n = 10, and severe: n = 13) during approximately 1 year after symptom onset. Time points were divided into four (T1 [circle symbol]: ≤2.5 months, T2 [square symbol]: 2.5–5 months, T3 [triangle symbol]: 5–8 months, and T4 [diamond symbol]: ≥8 months). If subjects provided samples twice in the same period, samples collected closer to the median date were chosen to represent the period. However, other samples (star symbol) were used for longitudinal analyses and included in correlation analyses using all samples.