Table 1. Patient demographics showing their age (mean ± S.D.), gender, BMI (mean ± S.D.), biopsy location, duration of disease (mean ± S.D.), disease activity, and extent of disease (mean ± S.D.).

Activity refers to the presence of inflammation in any region of the colon and is not restricted to the site of the tissue biopsy, while inflammation refers specifically to the site of the tissue biopsy. ***p<0.001 by Kruskal-Wallis test with Dunn’s correction for multiple comparisons.

	Controls (n = 14)	UC Uninflamed (n = 11)	UC Inflamed (n = 8)
Age	58.6 ± 6.0	47.5 ± 12.9	36.4 ± 5.8***
Gender (%M)	35.7%	72.7%	62.5%
BMI	25.81 ± 6.5	27.01 ± 4.8	27.03 ± 4.6
Biopsy location	Sigmoid	Sigmoid	Sigmoid
Duration of disease (years)	N/A	14 ± 9.2	12 ± 8.5
Active	0	4 (36.4%)	8 (100%)
Extent of disease
Pancolitis	N/A	7 (63.6%)	5 (50%)
Ulcerative proctitis	N/A	1 (9.1%)	2 (25%)
Left-sided	N/A	3 (27.3%)	2 (25%)