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. 2022 Aug 10;2022:6291889. doi: 10.1155/2022/6291889

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Copyright © 2022 Xinbiao Fan et al.

This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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The regulatory mechanisms of ferroptosis in the pathological progression of CHD. There are three major independent regulatory pathways of ferroptosis: the System Xc-GSH-GPX4 axis, the GCH1-BH4 pathway, and the FSP1-CoQ-NADPH pathway. In addition, iron metabolism and lipid peroxidation are the main mechanisms. Abbreviations: PUFAs: polyunsaturated fatty acids; PUFA-PE: polyunsaturated fatty acid-phosphatidyl ethanolamine; ACSL4: acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 4; LPCAT3: lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase 3; LOX: lipoxygenase; SLC7A11: subunit solute carrier family 7 member 11; SLC3A2: solute carrier family 3 member 2; Glu: glutamate; GSH: glutathione; GPX4: glutathione peroxidase 4; GTP: guanosine triphosphate; BH4: tetrahydrobiopterin; GCH1: guanosine triphosphate cyclohydrolase 1; FSP1: ferroptosis suppressor protein 1; NCOA4: nuclear receptor coactivator 4; NADPH: nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate; ROS: reactive oxygen species; FT: ferritin; LIP: labile iron pool; CoQ10: coenzyme Q10.