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. 2022 Aug 3;12:851795. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2022.851795

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Copyright © 2022 Liu, Shen, Wang, Wu, Chang, Chen, Lee and Wang

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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The synergistic effect in inhibiting the viability of TNBC cells by combining RU.521 and afatinib in serum-replete media. A and B, MDA-MB-231 (A) and SUM159 (B) cells were treated with RU.521 (20 μM) or afatinib (5 μM) alone, and combined treatment with RU.521 plus afatinib in normal growth media for 48 hr. Cell viability was determined by crystal violet staining and detected by absorbance at OD595 nm. The data from three independent biological repeats data are plotted and presented as means ± SD. Statistical significance was calculated by Student’s t-test. ***, p < 0.001. C and D, MDA-MB-231 (C) and SUM159 (D) cells were treated with and without RU.521 (20 μM) in the presence of different concentrations of afatinib (0, 5, 7, 9 μM) for 48 hr. Cell viability was determined as described in (A) and (B) The data were analyzed by the formula of CI=(D)₁/(Dx)₁+(D)₂/(Dx)_2, in which a CI < 1 suggests synergism.