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. 2022 Jul 18;15(5):896–907. doi: 10.1038/s41385-022-00528-5

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© The Author(s) 2022

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 5 — a Experimental setup for metabolomic/lipidomic analyses of AMs on day six after in vivo training with LPS/saline. b AM intracellular metabolites related to the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. SAM: S-adenosyl-methionine. c Principal component analysis of centered log-ratio transformed AM lipidomics data. d Heatmap displaying differentially abundant lipids (FDR 0.2, p-value ≤ 0.05) of trained and control AMs. Metabolomic/lipidomic analyses were performed with 5-6 biological replicates per group. Cer ceramides; DAG diacylglycerols; PE phosphatidylethanolamines; SM sphingomyelins; PC phosphatidylcholines; CE cholesterol esters; TAG triacylglycerols. e Experimental setup for mexAM training with LPS or medium in presence of indicated metabolic inhibitors or DMSO, followed by in vitro HISP challenge (16 h) six days later. f IL-6 levels of mexAMs stimulated as described in e. Data are representative of two independent experiments. Graphs show means + SD of 5-6 biological replicates (b) or means + SEM of 4-5 technical replicates (f). Statistical analysis: student’s t-test (b) and two-way ANOVA (f) (factor 1: training; factor 2: inhibitor). ns, not significant. *p ≤ 0.05, **p ≤ 0.01, ***p ≤ 0.001, ****p ≤ 0.0001.