Fig. 2. Juveniles have dispersed far from adults while adults have dispersed far from treelines.
a, Bivariate dispersal kernel (n = 5,986) as a two-dimensional density plot giving adult colonist distances north of and elevations relative to established treelines in the Kobuk basin. b, Bivariate dispersal kernel (n = 770) giving juvenile colonist distances north of and elevations relative to adult colonists. c, Furthest-forward colonists stratified by 10-year class for date of establishment showing northward distances from established treelines for adults (green, n = 131) and juveniles (yellow, n = 311). d, Furthest-forward colonists stratified by 10-year class for date of establishment showing elevation above established treelines for adults (green, n = 131) and juveniles (yellow, n = 311). Supplementary Information section 1 presents calculations.