Table 5.
Top 10 most enriched (based on NES) up- and downregulated pathways related to the intestine in induced pluripotent stem cell derived intestinal epithelial cell layers exposed to 10 mM propionate compared with the control.
| KEGG pathway name | KEGG category | KEGG category subgroup | Genes | NES | P-value | FDR |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Upregulated pathwaysa | ||||||
| Circadian entrainment | Organismal Systems | Environmental adaptation | 86 | 1.83 | 0.000 | 0.059 |
| Thiamine metabolism | Metabolism | Metabolism of cofactors and vitamins | 15 | 1.82 | 0.002 | 0.046 |
| Mismatch repair | Genetic Information Processing | Replication and repair | 23 | 1.77 | 0.005 | 0.058 |
| Tryptophan metabolism | Metabolism | Amino acid metabolism | 36 | 1.76 | 0.002 | 0.045 |
| Fat digestion and absorption | Organismal Systems | Digestive system | 30 | 1.74 | 0.003 | 0.046 |
| Glycine serine and threonine metabolism | Metabolism | Amino acid metabolism | 37 | 1.68 | 0.008 | 0.060 |
| Aldosterone regulated sodium reabsorption | Organismal Systems | Excretory system | 33 | 1.65 | 0.010 | 0.065 |
| Endocrine and other factor regulated sodium reabsorption | Organismal Systems | Excretory system | 48 | 1.64 | 0.008 | 0.073 |
| Longevity regulating pathway | Organismal Systems | Aging | 59 | 1.60 | 0.007 | 0.085 |
| Mineral absorption | Organismal Systems | Digestive system | 56 | 1.58 | 0.008 | 0.092 |
| Downregulated pathwaysa | ||||||
| P53 signaling pathway | Cellular Processes | Cell growth and death | 73 | − 2.08 | 0.000 | 0.003 |
| Proteasome | Genetic Information Processing | Folding, sorting and degradation | 43 | − 2.00 | 0.000 | 0.006 |
| NF kappa B signaling pathway | Environmental Information Processing | Signal transduction | 94 | − 1.93 | 0.000 | 0.011 |
| Spliceosome | Genetic Information Processing | Transcription | 134 | − 1.86 | 0.000 | 0.021 |
| Pathogenic Escherichia Coli infection | Human Diseases | Infectious disease: bacterial | 179 | − 1.84 | 0.000 | 0.020 |
| Ribosome biogenesis in eukaryotes | Genetic Information Processing | Translation | 73 | − 1.82 | 0.000 | 0.024 |
| RNA transport | Genetic Information Processing | Translation | 157 | − 1.79 | 0.000 | 0.029 |
| Shigellosis | Human Diseases | Infectious disease: bacterial | 224 | − 1.75 | 0.000 | 0.035 |
| Protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum | Genetic Information Processing | Folding, sorting and degradation | 163 | − 1.66 | 0.001 | 0.085 |
| Starch and sucrose metabolism | Metabolism | Carbohydrate metabolism | 28 | − 1.59 | 0.021 | 0.133 |
aReferences indicating their role or relationship to the intestine for the selected pathways are given in the supplementary files; Table S3.