Table 2.
Region-stratified hazard ratios of type 2 diabetes onset in Veterans Affairs Diabetes Risk (VADR) sample by community type.
| Community types | Total |
Northeast |
South |
Midwest |
West |
||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HR | Lower 95% CI | Upper 95% CI | HR | Lower 95% CI | Upper 95% CI | HR | Lower 95% CI | Upper 95% CI | HR | Lower 95% CI | Upper 95% CI | HR | Lower 95% CI | Upper 95% CI | |
| Model 1 | |||||||||||||||
| Higher density urban | 1.029 | 1.015 | 1.043 | 1.068 | 1.033 | 1.103 | 0.958 | 0.935 | 0.981 | 1.040 | 1.010 | 1.071 | 1.096 | 1.064 | 1.129 |
| Lower density urban | 0.999 | 0.989 | 1.010 | 1.026 | 0.998 | 1.054 | 0.971 | 0.956 | 0.986 | 1.037 | 1.015 | 1.060 | 1.042 | 1.016 | 1.069 |
| Suburban/small town | 0.990 | 0.980 | 0.999 | 0.990 | 0.965 | 1.015 | 0.970 | 0.957 | 0.984 | 1.028 | 1.009 | 1.048 | 1.014 | 0.988 | 1.040 |
| Rural (ref) | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Model 2 | |||||||||||||||
| Higher density urban | 1.008 | 0.994 | 1.022 | 1.034 | 0.999 | 1.069 | 0.948 | 0.926 | 0.972 | 0.997 | 0.967 | 1.027 | 1.088 | 1.057 | 1.121 |
| Lower density urban | 0.978 | 0.967 | 0.988 | 0.998 | 0.970 | 1.026 | 0.957 | 0.942 | 0.972 | 0.994 | 0.971 | 1.017 | 1.025 | 0.999 | 1.052 |
| Suburban/small town | 0.971 | 0.962 | 0.981 | 0.975 | 0.950 | 1.000 | 0.962 | 0.949 | 0.976 | 1.000 | 0.980 | 1.020 | 1.008 | 0.982 | 1.034 |
| Rural (ref) | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
Model 1: Adjusted for age, quadratic age, sex, race/ethnicity, and income disability flag. P-value for interaction term <0.0001.
Model 2: Adjusted for age, quadratic age, sex, race/ethnicity, income disability flag, and quartile of census tract level percent poverty. P-value for interaction term <0.0001.