Table 2.
Findings from the three articles that were identified from our systematic review (Supplementary Methods: a systematic review of studies on HLA in Asian breast cancer patients)
| First author (year of publication) | Country | Sample size | HLA measurement | Results from literature | Our resultsa |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Leong PP (2011) | Malaysia | 59 cases; 77 controls | HLA-A Sequence-Specific primers PCR | HLA-A*31 (cases vs controls; Fisher's exact test, P = 0.020) | HLA-A*31 and breast cancer risk (Odds ratio [OR] = 1.05, P = 0.324) |
| HLA-A*26 (Metastasis; Spearman's rank test, r = − 0.430, P = 0.001) | HLA-A*26 and breast cancer risk (OR = 0.96, P = 0.454) | ||||
| HLA-A*36 (Metastasis; Spearman's rank test, r = − 0.430, P = 0.001) | HLA-A*26 and late-stage breast cancer risk (OR = 1.11, P = 0.260) | ||||
| HLA-A*36 was not imputed | |||||
| Yang XX (2011) | China | 216 cases; 216 controls | 16 variants in HLA class II region were genotyped | HLA class II variants studied were not associated with breast cancer risk | Associations for class II variants did not reach genome-wide significance (P < 5e−8) |
| Chen PC (2007) | Taiwan | 101 cases; 115 controls | Genotyping was performed by Sequence-Specific primers PCR | No significant differences in phenotype frequencies of HLA-DQA1 and -DQB1 between patients with breast cancer and matched control subjects | Associations did not reach genome-wide significance (P < 5e−8), for HLA-DQA1 (imputed six 2-digits HLA alleles) and HLA-DQB1 (imputed five 2-digits HLA alleles) |
The studies applied a case–control design and used blood samples
aResults on the association of HLA alleles and breast cancer risk, using logistic regression, adjusted for age and the first 15 principal components (Supplementary Table 4)