TABLE 2.

Overview of heat stress effects on chicken lipid metabolism.

Class	Heat stress effect	Pros	Cons	References a
Lipid metabolism	↓ fat mobilization and ↑ hepatic lipogenesis → ↑ fat retention and deposition	—	↑ carcass adiposity	Kleiber and Dougherty (1934) , Kubena et al. (1972) , Ain Baziz et al. (1996) , Geraert et al. (1996a) , Yunianto et al. (1997) , Bobek et al. (1997) , Rhoads et al. (2009), Renaudeau et al. (2012), Baumgard and Rhoads (2013), Pearce et al. (2013a), Victoria Sanz Fernandez et al. (2015), He et al. (2015) , Flees et al. (2017) , Lu et al. (2018) , Lu et al. (2019)
			↓ sensible heat dissipation

Upward arrow (↑), increase; downward arrow (↓), decrease; rightward arrow (→), consequence/degeneration.

^aInclude studies on non-avian species that have exhibited comparable heat stress effects and responses to those observed in chickens. Studies with the focus on chickens or poultry are highlighted in bold.